Sulfur content during hydrocarbonization

The number of Claus installations grew during the second half of the twentieth century. Technical and environmental requirements led to lower sulfur content in hydrocarbon fuels. Concurrently, the sulfur content of extracted oil and gas has increased significantly during the past 20 years. The trend towards Claus-produced recovered sulfur accelerated rapidly after the 1970s when environmental legislation finally took hold. In 1985, Frasch and recovered sulfur in the United States each accounted for about 5 million tons of... 

Conversion of the bulk of the catalyst metal to carbide during hydrocarbon synthesis is only observed in the case of iron catalysts. The carbide formation, which occurs parallel with the activity of iron catalysts, may have an important influence on the conditions of the catalyst structure and catalyst surface. The carbide formation, however, seems to be insufficient for the catalyst activity. Treatment of carbided iron catalysts with sulfur does not change the carbide content but makes the catalyst inactive for hydrocarbon synthesis (134). 

Anionic surfactants, based on alkyl sulfates, are widely used as the basis for synthetic detergents, emulsifiers, stabilisers, and so on. Alkyl sulfates R0S03Me (where Me is Na, K and so on) under the conditions of commercial production, in particular, during the synthesis of detergents, can be produced by the interaction of the a-olefins of the unsaturated hydrocarbon fractions Cg-Cjg (olefin content no less that 97 wt%) and 98% sulfuric acid at the ratio of a-olefin/H2S04 = 1/1.2-1.4 mole, with further neutralisation of the imreacted H2SO4 and saponification of the synthesised alkyl sulfur acid ... 

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