Sulfonamide derivatives, hypersensitivity reactions

Statins, see HMG Co-A reductase inhibitors Steroids, see Glucocorticoids Stimulants, in ADHD, 31.4 Sugammadex, 32.275 Sulfonamide derivatives, hypersensitivity reactions, 30.252 Sumatriptan, 17.171 Suprofen, nephrotoxicity, 12.88 Suramin, patients with prostate cancer, 20.283 Surgam, gastric reactions, 12.89 Suxamethonium, postoperative myalgia,... 

Because carbonic anhydrase inhibitors are sulfonamide derivatives, the mechanism for carbonic anhydrase inhibitor-induced myopia is expected to be similar to that associated with sulfonamides. Indeed, it has been speculated that myopia resulting from acetazolamide use is due to a hypersensitivity reaction that leads to ciliary body edema. The instillation of cycloplegics has little influence on the refractive error, which suggests that the mechanism is unrelated to ciliary spasm. 

Sulfacetamide is the N1-acetyl-substituted derivative o/sulfanilamide. Its aqueous solubility is 90 times that of sulfadiazine. This drug (isopto-cetamide, others) is employed extensively for ophthalmic infections. Very high aqueous concentrations are not irritating to the eye and are effective against susceptible microorganisms. The drug penetrates readily into ocular fluids and tissues. Sensitivity reactions to sulfacetamide are rare, but it should not be used in patients with known sulfonamide hypersensitivity. 

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