Sulfonamide derivatives, hypersensitivity

Statins, see HMG Co-A reductase inhibitors Steroids, see Glucocorticoids Stimulants, in ADHD, 31.4 Sugammadex, 32.275 Sulfonamide derivatives, hypersensitivity reactions, 30.252 Sumatriptan, 17.171 Suprofen, nephrotoxicity, 12.88 Suramin, patients with prostate cancer, 20.283 Surgam, gastric reactions, 12.89 Suxamethonium, postoperative myalgia,... 

Anuria renal decompensation hypersensitivity to thiazides or related diuretics or sulfonamide-derived drugs hepatic coma or precoma (metolazone). 

Because carbonic anhydrase inhibitors are sulfonamide derivatives, the mechanism for carbonic anhydrase inhibitor-induced myopia is expected to be similar to that associated with sulfonamides. Indeed, it has been speculated that myopia resulting from acetazolamide use is due to a hypersensitivity reaction that leads to ciliary body edema. The instillation of cycloplegics has little influence on the refractive error, which suggests that the mechanism is unrelated to ciliary spasm. 

Neither patient had a previous history of drug hypersensitivity. Both patients had previously tolerated furosemide, another sulfonamide derivative. The temporal correlation with torasemide administration suggested a causal relation, but the mechanism was unclear. 

B. Known hypersensitivity to thiazides or other sulfonamide derivatives. 

AM1241 (360) exhibited high affinity and selectivity for CB2 [it (CBi) = 280 nM, (CB2) = 3.4 nM]. (360) Dose dependently inhibited experimental neuropathic pain in a spinal nerve ligation-induced tactile and thermal hypersensitivity model [224]. Other indole derivatives bearing sulfonamide moieties on the side chain, such as compound (361), were disclosed [225]. Though 67 derivatives including pyridyl and other heteroaromatics instead of the indole core were listed, no specific biological data were shown. 

Sulfacetamide is the N1-acetyl-substituted derivative o/sulfanilamide. Its aqueous solubility is 90 times that of sulfadiazine. This drug (isopto-cetamide, others) is employed extensively for ophthalmic infections. Very high aqueous concentrations are not irritating to the eye and are effective against susceptible microorganisms. The drug penetrates readily into ocular fluids and tissues. Sensitivity reactions to sulfacetamide are rare, but it should not be used in patients with known sulfonamide hypersensitivity. 

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