Succinimides special

The earliest oxidations were effected with nitrous fumes and later with mercuric oxide and isoamyl nitrite.74 Lead tetraacetate in acetic acid is in many cases the reagent of choice, but the removal of by-products can present some difficulties.75 IV-Haloimides and amides in alcoholic solutions have been reported to yield essentially pure tetrazolium salts76 and have been found specially useful in the preparation of heteroaryl-substituted tetrazolium salt.77,78 The novel formazans 49 have been successfully oxidized to 50 using 7V-chloro succinimide (Eq. II).79 tert-Butyl hypo-... 

Allylic brominations are normally carried out using one of a number of specialized reagents developed for that purpose. /V-Bromosuccinimide (NBS) is the most frequently used of these reagents. An alkene is dissolved in carbon tetrachloride, /V-bromo-succinimide is added, and the reaction mixture is heated, illuminated with a sunlamp, or both. The products are an allylic halide and succinimide. 

From the various conjugate addition reactions of nucleophiles to a,p-unsaturated carbonyl compounds, the use of maleimides as the Michael acceptor deserves special mention. Xue and coworkers developed a highly sustainable protocol for the Michael addition of a,a-disubstituted aldehydes to maleimides (Scheme 19.52). Remarkably, using 1 mol% of the simple bifunctional thiourea catalyst 46 and water as additive, the reaction proceeded smoothly to afford oc-branched succinimides in high yields and with... 

A special category is made up of maleated LMWPBs, subsequently converted into succinimidic derivatives by amine curing. The products thus obtained show adhesive properties or can be used as dispersants without ashes for high-speed motor oils. 

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