Styrene to polypropylene

Consistent with the preceeding acid work, when TMPTA is added to the monomer solutions containing either lithium salt or urea, synergistic effects are observed for the radiation grafting of styrene to polypropylene (Table IV). Again the maximum increase in yield occurs in the monomer solution corresponding to the Trommsdorff peak. 

Table IV. Synergistic Effect of TMPTA with Urea and Inorganic Salt Additives in Grafting Styrene to Polypropylene Initiated by Ionising Radiation3...

As the time of exposure to UV is increased, the magnitude of the synergistic effect between TMPTA and lithium nitrate is increased dramatically for the UV grafting of styrene to polypropylene (Table XI) such that after 16 hours of irradiation very large yields are obtained. Even with TFMA, the grafting yield in the 30% monomer solution is increased by almost one order of magnitude due to the synergistic effect. 

Table XII. Effect of Organic Additives (Urea, Silanes, Fluorinated Alkyl esters) on Grafting of Styrene to Polypropylene Initiated by UVa...

Effect of Solvents on Radiation Grafting of Styrene to Polypropylene ... 

Figure 3. Effect of divinylbenzene on grafting of styrene to polypropylene film in methanol at dose rate of 4.1 X 10 rad/h to 2.4 X 10 rad. Key A, styrene-methanol , styrene-methanol-divinylbenzene (1% v/v).

Fig. 2. Effect of miscellaneous solvents on radiation grafting of styrene to polypropylene film at dose rate of 4.0 x 10 rad/hr to total dose of 0.2 X 10 rad except dioxan (4.5 x 10 and 0.3 X 10 ).

Miwa, Y., et al. (1999). Living radical graft polymerization of styrene to polypropylene with 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl-l-oxy. Macromolecules, 32(24) 8234-8236. 

PWO 88] Dworjanyn P.A., Garnett J.L., Synergistie effects of urea with polyfunctional acrylates for enhancing the photografting of styrene to polypropylene . Journal of Polymer Science Part C Polymer Letter, vol. 26, pp. 135-138, 1988. 

Fig. 1. Acid effect in radiation grafting of styrene to polypropylene film (isotactic, doubly oriented, 0.06 mm) in methanol and ethanol at dose rate of 4.5 x 10" rad/hr to...

Table 7. Effect of Removal of Solvent on UV Grafting of Styrene to Polypropylene and Cellulose Cellulose...

J.L. Garnett and N.T. Yen, Acid Effects in the radiation-induced grafting of styrene to polypropylene, Aust.J.Chem. 32 585 (1979). 

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