Structure of electrolytes

NMR Studies of the Structure of Electrolyte Solutions Covington, A. K. Newman, K. E 12... 

For a general review, see T. F. Young, F. F. MaranviUe, and H. M. Smith, Raman spectral investigations of ionic equihhria in solutions of strong electrolytes, in The Structure of Electrolytic Solutions, W. J. Hamer ed., Wiley, New York, 1959, pp. 35-63. 

Structure of Electrolyte Solutions As Probed by the Electrochemical Behaviors of POMs... 

A more detailed paper will be published in the monograph of the symposium of the Electrochemical Society on The Structure of Electrolytic Solutions, - held in Washington, May 1957. CL also Proc. Roy. Soc. A 1958 247 505. 

A new theory of electrolyte solutions is described. This theory is based on a Debye-Hiickel model and modified to allow for the mutual polarization of ions. From a general solution of the linearized Poisson-Boltzmann equation, an expression is derived for the activity coefficient of a central polarized ion in an ionic atmosphere of non-spherical symmetry that reduces to the Debye-Hiickel limiting laws at infinite dilution. A method for the simultaneous charging of an ion and its ionic cloud is developed to allow for ionic polarization. Comparison of the calculated activity coefficients with experimental values shows that the characteristic shapes of the log y vs. concentration curves are well represented by the theory up to moderately high concentrations. Some consequences in relation to the structure of electrolyte solutions are discussed. 

Note More extensive data in CW Davies. In WJ Hamer, ed. The Structure of Electrolytic Solutions. New York Wiley, 1959. 

The chloride ion is depicted as an unsolvated species in Eq. 1.6 because of experimental evidence that the residence time of a water molecule coordinated to Cl" is about 1 ps, the same as the residence time of the molecule in the structure of bulk water. See, for example, J. E. Enderby and G. W. Neilson, The structure of electrolyte solutions, Rep. Prog. Phys. 44 38 (1981). 

In summary, diffraction techniques provide a powerful means of investigating the structure of electrolyte solutions. They give information about the pair correlation functions which can be directly related to modern theoretical techniques such as molecular dynamics calculations. This information can also be used to improve the statistical thermodynamic models of electrolyte solutions discussed in chapter 3. 

Spedding, F. H. Atkinson, G. The Structure of Electrolytic Solutions (Ed.) W. J. Hamer, Chap. 22, John wiley, New York 1959... 

The interactions of equations 3 and 6 may be smaller or bigger than in 1. The structure of electrolyte solutions depends therefore in Hofmeister ion series on the specific ion-water interaction, on the coordination numbers and on the concentration if the hydration spheres are large enough to disturb each other. 

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