Structure nonenzymatic browning

As part of extensive studies lasting over 30 years on the structures of chromophores involved in nonenzymatic browning reactions, two intensely orange, previously unknown, compounds have been identified (2R,8aR)-l and ZS, 8aR)-4-(2-furyl)-7-[(2-furyl)methylidene]-2-hydroxy-2//,7//,8a//-pyrano[2,3-3]pyran-3-one <1998CAR215>. Additional studies on the single Maillard reaction products of these compounds have also been reported <1998JFA3912>. 

In this article, we will review studies on both nonenzymatic glycosylation and nonenzymatic browning in vivo. Structural, functional, analytical, and kinetic aspects will be discussed. Clinical aspects have been reviewed recently elsewhere (12,13,14) and will therefore not be considered in this chapter. 

Relationships between the Maximum Rate of Nonenzymatic Browning, Relative Humidity, and Structural Changes... 

The nonenzymatic glycosylation of certain proteins may start a cascade of chemical reactions, which finally lead to irreversible cross-linMng of neighboring proteins. Advanced glycosidation end products (AGE) are mostly yellowish-brown and they fluoresce. One AGE structure, namely 2-furanyl-4(5)-2-furanyl-... 

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