Structural phylogenetic trees

Figure 1. An unrooted phylogenetic tree of the myosins based on the amino acid sequence comparison of their head domains demonstrating the division of the myosin superfamily into nine classes. The lengths of the branches are proportional to the percent of amino acid sequence divergence and a calibration bar for 5% sequence divergence is shovk n. The different classes of myosins have been numbered using Roman numerals in rough order of their discovery and hypothetical models of the different myosin structures are shown. Question marks indicate either hypothetical or unknown structural features, and only a fraction of the known myosins are shown. (Taken, in modified form, from Cheney et al., 1993).

Phylogenetic tree a tree-like structure showing the relationship among diverse organisms. 

Figure 13.5 The human Jumonji C family. Phylogenetic tree of the human JmjC domain containing proteins modified from Cloos et al. [3]. The domain structures of the proteins are indicated. The clusters for which histone lysine demethylase activity have been published are shown in gray. See text for details and references, jumonji C domain (JmjC) Jumonji...

The myrosinase-glucosinolate system occurs in 16 plant families.17 It is likely that this system evolved from the ancient (and near ubiquitous) cyanogenic glycosides. This hypothesis is supported by the similarity, in sequence and structure, of glucosinolate biosynthetic enzymes and the hydrolytic enzymes (myrosinase or p-glucosidase).18 The biochemistry of these metabolites also indicates a convincing evolutionary relationship.19 Furthermore, on the basis of robust phylogenetic trees,... 

Fig. 4. Phylogenetic tree of Basidiomycota based on the primary structure of the 18S rRNA gene. Alignment, distance matrix and calculation of phylogenetic distances were made by means of different programs as described in the legend of figure 1. Hmnan pathogenic genera are indicated by arrows. T = Teleomorphic species A = anamorphic species Y = yeasts or yeast stages.

Chen, A., Kroon, P.A. and Poulter, C.D. (1994) Isoprenyl diphosphate synthases protein sequence comparisons, a phylogenetic tree and predictions of secondary structure. Protein Sci., 3, 600-7. 

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