Strongly coupled system

This would be very useful indeed, particularly where overlapping multiplets are concerned. Unfortunately, in the very circumstances where the technique would be most useful, it tends to fall over with strong artefacts becoming intrusive in strongly coupled systems. 

In strongly coupled systems, it is not possible to eliminate chemical shifts by refocusing nor is it possible to describe the evolution in terms of an effective Hamiltonian.44 A 90° or a 180° pulse leads to coherence transfer between various transitions, and a multitude of new effective precession frequencies may appear in the F1 dimension. A detailed analysis shows artefacts resulting of strong coupling induced by the 180° pulse applied on the H channel can be efficiently removed by applying a LPJF before acquisition.42 Likewise, artefacts present in HMBC with a terminal LPJF are suppressed by an LPJF in the beginning of the sequence as in conventional HMBC. 

It is non-Markoffian and expresses the fact that in strongly coupled systems, account has generally to be taken of the finite duration of the collision process. However, it may be shown that... 

We are, however, interested in the case of a strongly coupled system and it is not difficult to find another type of contribution, already of order P. We may, for instance, consider the graph of... 

Strongly coupled systems are characterized by large differences between their absorption spectra and those of their components. For a two-component system, two new absorption bands are observed due to transitions of the in-phase and out-of-phase combinations of the locally excited states. These two transitions are separated in energy by 2 ll. ... 

An ordered monolayer of molecules having a large dynamical dipole moment must not be regarded as an ensemble of individual oscillators but a strongly coupled system, the vibrational excitations being collective modes (phonons) for which the wavevector q is a good quantum number. The dispersion of the mode for CO/Cu(100) in the c(2 x 2) structure has been measured by off-specular EELS, while the infrared radiation of course only excites the q = 0 mode. 

MSN.38. 1. Prigogine and G. Severne, On the validity of Onsager s reciprocity relations for strongly coupled systems, Phys. Lett. 6, 173-176 (1963). 

Fig. 5 Tunnel and lattice mode frequencies as a function of temperature with parameters 7/ 2 = 18.2, g2/g4 = -0.8 and = 0.46. Solid lines refer to the uncoupled system (C = 0), dashed linesto the weakly coupled system (C = 1 x 10 K/A) and dash-dotted line to the strongly coupled system (C = 5.7 x lO K/A)...

AB system. Two protons constitute the simplest example of a strongly coupled system when the difference in their frequencies of resonance is comparable to their coupling constant J. This system gives rise to a total of four peaks, two for each proton, separated by J Hz. However, the intensities are not equal. The chemical shifts, which can no longer be measured from the spectrum, have to be calculated using the relations shown in Fig. 9.21. 

One can impose additional spatial confinement on a Debye plasma such that the potential energy vanishes at the boundary of a given sphere of radius R. For the strongly coupled system, one can assume that no electron current passes through the boundary surface and the wavefunction must vanish at the Wigner-Seitz boundary R [154], Under such conditions, the radial one-particle wavefunction ir(r) satisfies... 

K. M. McDonald, W. R. Thorson, and J. H. Choi,/. Chem. Phys., 99,4611 (1993). Classical and Quantum Proton Vibration in a Nonharmonic Strongly Coupled System. 

Theoretical analysis of cross-correlated relaxation in strongly coupled systems 2d N- H-ZQTROSY... 

In this connection, it is of interest to note that when nonadiabatic effects are small, as in strongly coupled systems at low energy or substantial vibronic angular momentum, a semi-classical quantization scheme beginning with the adiabatic nuclear Hamiltonian yields fairly... 

AB system. When the difference in resonance frequencies between two protons is comparable with their coupling constant /, then this system gives rise to a total of four peaks. This is the simplest strongly coupled system. The signal for each proton contains two peaks separated by J Hz. However the intensities are no longer equal and the chemical shifts, which can no longer be read from the spectrum, must be calculated from the expressions indicated on Figure 15.23. 

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