Streptomycin, III

Lemieux, R. U., Some Implications in Carbohydrate Chemistry of Theories Relating to the Mechanisms of Replacement Reactions, IX, 1-57 Lemieux, R. U., and Wolfrom, M. L., The Chemistry of Streptomycin, III, 337-384... 

Haworth s perspective formulas, III, 18 Heat of combustion, of sucrose, IV, 16 Helianthate, of streptomycin, III, 345, 346... 

Figure 6.2. Molecular interactions between streptomycin and 303 (E. cdU numbering, top) with various modifications tested for activity (bottom). Dashed lines indicate possible hydrogen bonds (some of which are salt bridges when suitably reinforced with favorable electrostatic potentials). Arrows point to permissible modifications arrows with an X point to non-permissible modifications. (a)Ringl. (b) Ring II. Dashed arrow points to modifications that results in compounds that are active ty an unknown mechanism, (c) Ring III.

The years between 1940 and 1959 have been justly called the golden era of antibiotic discovery. During this period every important class of antibacterial antibiotic now known was recognized (Table III). Indeed, many specific drugs (e.g., benzylpenicillin, streptomycin, oxytetracycline, chloramphenicol, neomycin, and erythromycin) which presently occupy major places in therapeutic practice were discovered during that period. 

Figure 6.23. Multigraphical interpretation of streptomycin production according to Ricica (1969). The central graph represents the c/t plot of batch data, with c/t plots of individual components in the upper graph (1, a-amino nitrogen 2, phosphorus 3, pyruvic acid 4, pH 5, ammonia nitrogen). The quantification is illustrated in the lower part [fx, qs, and qp vs. t). The design of an NCSTR cascade with N = 6 is demonstrated in the graphs on the left side (I and II) and right side (III-VI) using plots of 1/r- versus Cj. (cf. Fig. 6.32.)...

Dulaney, E. L. Observations on Stveptomyces griseus III. Carbon sources for growth and streptomycin production. Mycologia 41, i (1949). 

Found in larch trees (Larix decidua), pine needles, chicory, wood tars, roasted malt and produced by alkaline hyd. of streptomycin. Also from ferns Arachniodes maximowiczii and Macrothelypteris torresiana. Food flavouring additive. Used as metal indicator (e.g. for Fq(III)). Needles or prisms (toluene or CHCI3) with odour of caramel/butterscotch. Mod. sol. H2O, sol. EtOH. Mp 161-162°. 

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