Streptomyces parvulus

Dactinomycin Dactinomycin, 2-amino-l,9-bis-(2,9-diisopropyl-6,10,13-trimethyl-l,4,8,ll,14-pentaoxo-7-oxa-3,10,13-17a-tetraaza-5-bicyclo[14.3.0]nonadecylcarbamoyl)-4,6-dimethyl-3//-phenoxazin-3-one (30.3.1), is one of the first antibiotics isolated from a liquid culture of microorganisms of the family Streptomyces parvulus [80-87]. It is a chromonopeptide with a phenoxazine ring and two cyclic polypeptides joined to the carboxyl group at position 2 and 9 of the phenoxazine ring. 

Oleficin (74), a polyenoyltetramic acid characterised by the presence of the desoxy sugar D-digitoxose on the C-3 hexenoyl side chain, is an antibiotic isolated from a strain related to Streptomyces parvulus [130]. 

The manumycin family were isolated from Streptomyces parvulus (Tii 64) and possess a wide range of biological properties. Taylor and co-workers synthesized manumycin A (7) via the quinone monoacetal (131), which was prepared by PIDA oxidation, followed by epoxidation and alkylation on the cyclohexa-dienone (130) [90] (Scheme 8). Other members of the mamumycin family of antibiotics such as alisamycin, asukamycin, and ( )-nisamycin (8) have been synthesized by similar strategies [91]. 

Manumycin A (52) was the first metabolite isolated from Streptomyces parvulus (strain Tii 64) [110] and its structure and absolute configuration have been described [111]. Other minor components such as manumycin B (53), C (54) and D (55) have similar structural moieties indicating their close structural and biosynthetic relationship [112]. These other compounds differ in the polyketide assembly of the acylamino side chain and in the stereochemistry at C-4. Manumycin D (55) is the first of the manumycin type compounds without an oxirane ring in the mC7N unit. Their structural elucidation has been recently carried out [112] by H NMR spectroscopy using aromatic solvent induced shift (ASIS) effects at the olefinic 3-H and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy has been used to determine the absolute stereochemistry of the mC7N unit. 

Manumycin D (55) was isolated from a culture of Streptomyces parvulus (strain Tu 64) by the feeding of p-aminobenzoic acid in a precursor-direct biosynthesis (high concentration method) [113]. Most of the manumycin group antibiotics exhibit, as mentioned above, antibacterial... 

Inbar, L. and Lapidot, A. (1988) The structure and biosynthesis of new tetrahydr[Pg.309]

Actinomydn.—4-Methyl-3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (131) is an important precursor for actinomycin (132) cf. ref. 6. Further support for its role as a biosynthetic intermediate is its accumulation in mutants of Streptomyces parvulus that are unable to synthesize (132). ... 

From rabbit intestine. Calculated from V ax and values [182]. From rat liver [181]. From rate liver. Relative rate determined from increase in the specific absorption band of product [183]. From Streptomyces parvulus [175]. From Bacillus Brevis [180]. 

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