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Start time relevant

Generally, failure is described in terms of time to failure. Although in certain instances a more relevant measure for exposure before failure is necessary such as cycles to failure or miles to failure. It should also be noted that the word failure is used in a general sense to indicate any specific deterioration in performance of a unit. Additionally, if units are put into service at different times, the time in use for each unit is figured from its starting time. [Pg.1046]

Azithromycin (7.c) is an antibiotic. The bottom of its therapeutic window for most bacteria has been estimated at 2.0 jig/ml,. Azithromycin is typically dosed orally with 500 mg on day 1 and 250 mg on each of days 2 through 5. The relevant pharmacokinetic parameters of azithromycin are as follows kA = 0.0100 h-1, kab = 1.88 h-1, F = 38%, Vd = 31.1 L/kg. Estimate the Cpmax for azithromycin over the dosing interval. (To do this problem, you will need to determine the Cp separately for all five doses [at different start times] and add them together.)... [Pg.183]

Once the route and timing of water ingress were identified, the process of modelling corrosion and release of active material could begin. The time at which water first made contact with each material was taken to be the start time for release. The BCR, modified by the relevant k factor, was then used to determine the rate at which material corroded and hence released to the environment. The model hence depended on calculation of the k factors and the rate at which material was released by corrosion. The following three sections illustrate how the effective corrosion rates were obtained to allow release rate calculations. [Pg.42]

For a larger GWL increase rate of 3 m/day, the calculation results are shown in Figure 5. The sliding start time is t = 28768s which is much earlier than that in Case 2-1. In the field, this means the slope will fail earlier in a heavier rain and the relevant evacuation should be earlier. The relationship between GWL increase rate and sliding start time is nonlinear as shown in Figure 5c. [Pg.652]

We identify the anchors of a vertex v,- that may directly affect the start time T vi) by introducing the concept of the relevant anchor set of a vertex. We present first the following definitions. [Pg.131]

We define the relevant start time of a vertex w,-, denoted by Tn vi), as the start time of Vi computed with offsets from the relevant anchors R vi) only. Specifically,... [Pg.132]

We present now several properties of relevant anchor sets that are important in proving the equivalence between the start time and the relevant start time of a vertex. First, the following lemma casts the property of well-posedness in terms of the relationship between the relevant anchor set and the anchor set. [Pg.132]

By Theorem 6.2.5, the irredundant anchors are also relevant anchors. Therefore, there exists a maximal defining path p r,vi) of r IR(vi), where the w,) is equal to length r,Vi). By Theorem 6.2.3, length r,Vi) is equal to the minimum offset Let T "(vi) and be the start times... [Pg.141]

The iterative incremental scheduling algorithm constructs a minimum relative schedule, or detects the presence of inconsistent timing constraints, with at most i + 1 iterations. This is a very desirable property, since the number of maximum timing constraints i is in general small. The proof follows the outline in [LW83]. Note that in the sequel the full anchor set A(v <) for a valex Vi is used in the computation of the start time and offsets. By Theorem 6.2.4 and Theorem 6.2.6, the result is applicable when the relevant anchor set R vi) or the irredundant anchor set IR(vi) are used instead. [Pg.158]

As with my first book, which covered cooling water treatment, this book also started life after rereading the (still largely relevant) books written by the late James W. McCoy, who was a supervisor of refinery services at Standard Oil Company of California. This time my primary source of inspiration was The Chemical Treatment of Boiler Water, which was first published by Chemical Publishing Company of New York in 1981. [Pg.1000]

The separate parts in the school chemistry textbooks are accompanied by student-exercises that mainly aim to train the students ability to reproduce the chemical knowledge presented. It takes quite a large number of chemistry lessons before a student will come to a point where the new chemical knowledge may be related to society and the everyday world. Only some students start to ask about nitrates and environmental problems while climbing the ladder. Mary never make such a coimection. According to the common ciuriculum philosophy that students first need to climb the ladder , it takes a long climb for students to see the relevance to societal themes in fact it is impossible within the (time) limits of the school chemistry curriculum. [Pg.33]

This ROP of hexachlorocyclophosphazene to polydichlorophosphazene is very relevant in phosphazene chemistry as it has been used in almost every laboratory in the world for the preparation of poly(organophosphazenes) starting from the middle of the 1960s up to recent times [38]. H. R. Allcock discovered in 1965 [40-42] that (NPCl2)3 can open its inorganic ring thermally, under strictly controlled experimental conditions (250 °C, vacuum of 10" torr, and reaction time of 8-12 h), to form polydichlorophosphazene in a reasonable yield, but in a rather slow and irreproducible way [38]. Moreover, the final polymer obtained shows a very variable MW and MW distribution, with a strong tendency to produce crosslinked materials [45]. [Pg.172]

All the macroscopic properties of polymers depend on a number of different factors prominent among them are the chemical structures as well as the arrangement of the macromolecules in a dense packing [1-6]. The relationships between the microscopic details and the macroscopic properties are the topics of interest here. In principle, computer simulation is a universal tool for deriving the macroscopic properties of materials from the microscopic input [7-14]. Starting from the chemical structure, quantum mechanical methods and spectroscopic information yield effective potentials that are used in Monte Carlo (MC) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations in order to study the structure and dynamics of these materials on the relevant length scales and time scales, and to characterize the resulting thermal and mechanical proper-... [Pg.46]

The starting point of this article is the discovery by Rosenberg and his collaborators of the activity of certain platinum compounds as antitumour agents (7). Here we wish to introduce the chemistry of these agents, which will be relatively familiar to inorganic chemists, but not to chemists and biochemists of other disciplines. At the same time we wish the inorganic chemist to see the relevance of the chemistry to biological fields. [Pg.5]

Analysis of CSTR Cascades under Nonsteady-State Conditions. In Section 8.3.1.4 the equations relevant to the analysis of the transient behavior of an individual CSTR were developed and discussed. It is relatively simple to extend the most general of these relations to the case of multiple CSTR s in series. For example, equations 8.3.15 to 8.3.21 may all be applied to any individual reactor in the cascade of stirred tank reactors, and these relations may be used to analyze the cascade in stepwise fashion. The difference in the analysis for the cascade, however, arises from the fact that more of the terms in the basic relations are likely to be time variant when applied to reactors beyond the first. For example, even though the feed to the first reactor may be time invariant during a period of nonsteady-state behavior in the cascade, the feed to the second reactor will vary with time as the first reactor strives to reach its steady-state condition. Similar considerations apply further downstream. However, since there is no effect of variations downstream on the performance of upstream CSTR s, one may start at the reactor where the disturbance is introduced and work downstream from that point. In our generalized notation, equation 8.3.20 becomes... [Pg.295]


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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.132 ]




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