Starch nitrated

Starch nitrated by Brown and Miliar (Ref 10) by dissolution in nitric acid and subsequent precipitation with the help of sulphuric acid, was stabilized by washing in ether and chloroform... 

Starch Nitrate, in Adv in Carbohydrate Chem 13, (1958) 22) A. Kunz I. Toth, ActaChem-... 

Picric Nitrogelatine (Nitrogelatine Picrique in Fr). A gelatinous expl compd patented in Ger in 1887, prepd by mixing 10p of NG with 1 p of PA and gelatinizing the resulting soln with a small amt of collodion cotton. Such materials as flour, starch, nitrates, chlorates, perchlorates, etc, could be added to this jelly... 

Colliery Steeliles (Brit). See under Colophony-Starch Nitrated Mixtures in Vol 3, p C404-L, where Steelites No 3, No 5 and No 7 are described... 

Colophony-Starch Nitrated Mixture, called hy Davis Oxidized Rosin and by its inventor E. Steele Residee. Colliery expls contg it are known as Steelites (Brit). See Vol 3, p C404-L... 

Nitrotoluenes, Van No strand, NY(1918) 2)M.Kostevitch, "Tarry Matter of Alpha Trinitrotoluene, Part II, Imprd Art Vol-taire,P aris( 1927), 8 3)Sidgwick( 19 37), 259 et seq 4)Davis(1943), 136-7, 147, 149-51 170-1 5>negering( 1950), 139 seq 6) Dept of the Army TM 9-1910( 1955), 146 Alkalies, Action on Nitric Esters. Organic nitrates in general are readily saponified by alkaline solns. A simple metathetical reaction to yield the alkali nitrate and alcohol does not take place instead, as a result of simultaneous oxidation and reduction, alkali nitrite and a variety of products are formed depending on the conditions of the reaction. The resistance of different nitric esters to alkalies varies considerably. Thus, starch nitrate is decomposed much more slowly than cellulose nitrate and amylopectin nitrate still more alowly... 

Azote Powder Company of Indianapolis, Ind patented in 1898 a method of nitrating starch (previously dried at 100-140° and then cooled) using 1 liter of mixed nitricsulfuric acid (1 2) per 200 g of starch. Nitration was done in a hermetically closed vessel at a temp below 4°... 

The most important of the carbohydrate esters of nitric acid are the polysaccharide nitrates, particularly cellulose nitrate or nitrocellulose (NC) and starch nitrate ( nitrostarch ) which is much less used. Nitric esters prepared from other sugars such as saccharose and lactose are not of any importance as explosives. 

Further, the hydrolysis of starch nitrate in acids containing little or no sulphuric acid does not proceed to such a large extent as is usual when starch is treated with mixtures of high sulphuric acid content. 

G. V. Caesar, Starch Nitrate, in Advances in Carbohydrate Chemistry (Edited by M. L. Wolf-rom and R. S. Tipson), vol. 13, Academic Press, New York, 1958. 

Solutions of synthetic polyglucoses have also been used for density-gradient centrifugation of viruses. 16 These substances are especially suited to this purpose, since they can be dissolved in water or buffer to yield solutions of high concentration and low intrinsic viscosity and a density similar to that of sucrose solutions. Because of their low rate of diffusion, polyglucoses form gradients that are more stable. A polyglucose nitrate possessed explosive properties, similar to those of starch nitrates and cellulose nitrates.200... 

Colliery Steelite. See under Colophony -Starch Nitrated Mixture... 

Kesidee. Fr name for compn termed Oxidized Rosin by Davis. Its prepn and uses are described under Colophony—Starch Nitrated Mixture in Vol 3, C404-L... 

Rosin. See under Colophony or Rosin , Colophony, Nitrated and Colophony-Starch Nitrated Mixture in Vol 3, C403R to C404-R... 

Starch, Nitrated. See under Nltrostarch in Vol 8, NI57-L to N162-R... 

Steelites. Cheddite type expls patented in 1902 in Ger by E. Steele and manufd in Engl by Steelite Explosives Ltd. They contained K chlorate 72.5 to 75.5, oxidized rosin 23.5 to 26.5 and castor oil 0,5 to 1.5%. See refs under Chlorate Explosives in Vol 2, C206-R. See also under Colophony-Starch Nitrated Mixture in Vol 3, C404-L... 

Ethynylmagnesium bromide, II, 115, 116 Euxanthic acid, III, 97 Explosives, starch nitrates as, I, 303... 

Colophony —Starch Nitrated Mixture (called by Davis Oxidized Rosin and by its inventor E, Steele Residee). It is a solid prepd by treating an intimate mixture of finely pulverized colophony 90 Sc starch 10% with cold 42 Be nitric acid. A homogeneous solid, tormed after several mins, was used as an ingredient in the prepn of potassium chlorate expls, known as Steelites. For their prepn, finely pulverized and dried K chlorate residee, in desired propns, were slightly moistened... 

Composition Nitric ester of starch. It is not a definite, single compound, but rather a mixture of various esters of different degrees of nitration, measured by the percentage of nitrogen. Like nitrocellulose, nitrostarch is a nitrate and not a nitro compound and the correct chemical name is starch nitrate. However, the term nitrostarch has been generally adopted. 

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