Staghorn calculi

Fig. 32.15 Staghorn calculus in the common bile duct and the two branches of the common hepatic duct (so-called Mercedes-star type) in primary sclerosing cholangitis...

Intrahepatic dislocated staghorn calculus (s. fig. 36.13) Liver abscess... 

Fig. 36.16 Giant gall-bladder staghorn calculus, dislocated into the right liver lobe and embedded in the parenchyma. (Probably the largest gallstone reported to date 12 x 5 cm, 120 g dry weight)...

The medical problems of these patients have been of some interest. There have been very few specific complaints although deposits in tissues have been thought to cause arthritis in at least one patient. The medical problems of our patients were rather unremarkable. Of the siblings involved two had hypertension and P.J. had bursitis of his left shoulder and elbow which cleared spontaneously. The other siblings had arthritis 3/5, hypertension 1/5, duodenal ulcer, diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, lung disease, heart failure each in one instance. Three patients in this kindred had renal stones. P.J. (li) had a staghorn calculus and nephrectomy. He had had a long history of urinary tract infection. 

New data in this respect have become available (20, 21 -). Of the 3 patients reported upon, 2 developed calcium-phosphate stones and 1 a staghorn calculus composed of magnesium-ammonium-phosphate (the latter being the first of this composition reported). Two of the 3 patients had bladder anomalies, the third was hypercalciuric. 

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