Staged Cascades

Fig. 3. Three-Stage cascaded thermopile. The relative sizes of the stages must be adjusted to obtain the maximum AT.

FIG. 13-8 Isoharic q-x curves for henzene-toluene. (Biian, Staged Cascades in Chemical Processing, Frentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N], 1972. )... 

Fig. 14-6. Schematic diagram of a four-stage cascade impactor. Source Giever, P. M., Particulate matter sampling and sizing, in "Air Pollution," 3rd ed., Vol. lil (A. C. Stem, ed.). Academic Press, New York, 1976, p. 41,...

Would you consider a multiple stage (cascade) system of adsorbers to achieve a... 

For practical separations a number of individual columns, each about 3 m long, are connected in a cascade, Fig. 8.9b. Figure 8.9a diagrams a four stage cascade of... 

The above equations assume a Dirac S impulse input. From the above equations, the RTD for an u-stage cascade is derived by Raghuraman and Varma as... 

The overall separation depends on the single stage separation factor, the number of separating elements, and design and operating characteristics of the cascade. Equations 5-8 are insufficient to determine all the variables. It is instructive to consider three types of cascades the minimum stage cascade, the minimum reflux cascade, and the ideal cascade. The material balance equations from the i + 1 th stage to the product of the cascade lead to... 

The two limiting cascades we have discussed are of little practical value. The minimum stage cascade produces zero amount of the maximum concentration material the minimum reflux cascade produces the maximum amount of material with no enrichment. Both of these cascades... 

The ideal cascade requires twice the number of stages as the minimum stage cascade similarly the reflux ratio in the ideal cacade is twice that in the minimum reflux cascade. 

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