Stability nitroguanidine

Fig. 5 Bar diagram showing the molecule-molecule energies in each pair of the coordination shell of the crystal of nitroguanidine (CSD refcode NTRGUA03). A to A label dimers in order of decreasing stabilization energy. The four methods give essentially identical results except for the two dispersion-dominated, flat parallel dimers E and L where uncorrected DFT fails...

Gun and rocket propellants are based on nitrocellulose (NC-SB), NC with NG as second principal ingredient (DB) and nitroguanidine (picrite) in addition to NC and NG ( ) propellants. Propellant formulations also contain stabilizer, plasticizer, coolant and ballistic modifier, in addition to their principal ingredients. 

Nitroguanidine demonstrates high stability in aqueous solution on boiling, but on long-continued boiling evolves small amounts of ammonia, possibly due to decomposition according to equation (22) ... 

At a temperature below the melting point nitroguanidine is said to be relatively stable—more so than nitric esters and similar in stability to aromatic nitro compounds. 

Smokeless propellants may be taken as another example of composite explosives. These may be either mixtures of nitrocellulose of differing degrees of nitration, partly in a colloidal and partly in a fibrous state with an admixture of the remaining solvent and a stabilizer or a solution of nitrocelluloses in carbamite (centralite) and nitroglycerine with an admixture of components such as aromatic nitro compounds, nitroguanidine, graphite etc. 

It was used by the Germans during WWII as a.stabilizer of NGu (Nitroguanidine) contg propellants, known as Gudolpulvem (Ref 5, p Ger 37-L Ger 81)... 

For many years guanidine thiocyanate was the most easily prepared and the most commonly used of the salts of guanidine. Other salts were made from it by metathetical reactions. Nitro-guanidine, prepared from the thiocyanate by direct nitration with mixed acids, was found to contain traces of sulfur compounds which attacked nitrocellulose and affected the stability of smokeless powder, and this is one of the reasons why nitroguanidine powders did not come into early use. Guanidine thiocyanate is deliquescent. Strong solutions of it dissolve filter paper. 

Nitroguanidine is soluble in hot water, practically insoluble in cold water, very sparingly soluble in alcohol, insoluble in ether, and readily soluble in alkali. It is not very sensitive to shock or impact. It has excellent chemical stability. 

In the late 1980s Agro Kanesho announced the development of their own ne-onicotinoid insecticide AKD-1022 (12 Fig. 29.2.3.1), a representative of the 2-nitroimino-l,3,5-triazinane subclass containing a 2-chloro-5-thiazolyl moiety as heterocyclic group [34]. However, this compound was never commercialized, possibly due the crowded patent situation (see Section 29.2.3.2) or the lack of hydrolytic stability (Section 29.2.3.5). AKD-1022 (12) has also been described [35] to possibly be a proinsecticide of the acyclic nitroguanidine clothianidin (19) (see also Chapter 29.2.1). 

Triple base propellant consists of cellulose nitrate, glycerol trinitrate or diglycol dinitrate, nitroguanidine and a stabilizer. 

Triple-base propellant containing nitroguani-dine, with components (mass %) pyrocellulose 28%, nitroglycerine 22.5%, nitroguanidine 47.7%, stabilizer, etc. 

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