Square-wave voltammetry excitation signal

Figure 23-21 Generation of a square-wave voltammetry excitation signal. The staircase signal in (a) is added to the pulse train in (b) to give the square-wave excitation signal in (c). The current response At is equal to the cuirent at potential I minus that at potential 2.

Figure 5.9 Excitation signal for square-wave voltammetry. [Adapted from Ref. 40.]...

In linear potential scan (LSV) and cyclic (CV) voltammetries, a potential varying linearly with time is applied between an initial potential, usually at a value where no faradaic processes occur, and a final potential (LSV) or cycled between two extreme (or switching) potential values at a given potential scan rate v (usually expressed in mV/sec). In other techniques, such as normal and differential pulse voltammetries (NPV and DPV, respectively), or square-wave voltammetry (SQWV), the excitation signal incorporates potential pulses to a linear or staircase potential/time variation. 

Figure 25-3lc shows the excitation signal in square-wave voltammetry, which is obtained by superimposing the pulse train shown in 25-31b onto the staircase signal in 25-3 la. The length of each step of the staircase and the period r of the pulses are identical and usually about 5 ms. The potential step of the staircase AEj is typically 10 mV. The magnitude of the pulse is often 50 mV. Operating under these conditions, which correspond to a pulse frequency of 200 Hz, a... 

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