Spreading of the liquid

Comparing the 3-D images simulated and the experimental photographs in Fig. 10, it can be seen that the droplet shapes are well reproduced by the present model. During the first 3.5 ms of the impact (frames 1-3), a liquid film with flattened disc shape is formed immediately after the impact. The inertial force drives the liquid to continue spreading on the solid surface, while the surface tension and the viscous forces resist the spreading of the liquid film. As a result, the droplet spreading speed decreases and the fluid mass starts to accumulate at... 

The liquid injection is realized using a two-fluid nozzle (Co. Schlick, type 943, form 3, ring-shaped beam 20°-40°, dnozzie = 2.3 mm). A adjustable hose pump conveys the liquid from a store tank, and compressed air is used for the better spreading of the liquid. The investigations of Henneberg et al. [38, 39] in an industrial fluidized-bed plant showed that high nozzle injection rates may lead to low particle concentrations near the nozzle, and to overspray. 

A representation of the several forces acting on a drop of liquid placed on a flat, solid surface is shown in Fig. 1.17(a). The surface tension of the solid, will favour spreading of the liquid, but this is opposed hy the solid-liquid interfacial tension, ygi, and the horizontal component of the surface tension of the liquid 7l/a in plane of the solid surface, that is 7l/a cos 6. Equating these forces gives... 

In particular, the injection of large volumes, up to 100 pL, can be loaded onto the fiber of the filter furnace and can be carried out without any particular problems, while the loading of organic solution samples greater than 15—20 pL onto conventional THGA platforms can lead to analytical problems, due to the spread of the liquid on the graphite surface [20]. 

This phenomenon was analyzed for the first time in a quasi-one-dimensional approximation [99] on the assumption of a simple spreading of the liquid on the front by displacing it near the the walls of the channel, i.e. the two-dimensionality of the... 

---