Spontaneous Decay of Mossbauer Nuclei Theory and Experiments

CONTROLLED SPONTANEOUS DECAY OF MOSSBAUER NUCLEI (THEORY AND EXPERIMENTS) 

1 INTRODUCTION TO THE PROBLEM OF CONTROLLED SPONTANEOUS GAMMA DECAY 

The problem of controlled spontaneous decay of the excited nucleus or atom states is one of the most interesting in nuclear physics and nuclear technology. There are many very important possible applications of controlled decay. First of all this problem is connected with the global problem of accelerated utilization of long-lived gamma radioactive waste. 

Another possible application is related to the problems of gamma laser [I]. The femous dilemma of gamma laser (which is better—the nuclei with short-lived radiation transitions with t IO s,rT I, maximal amplification coefficient G = An f/2 r(l -I- a) at small inversion of population Ani = — n, SC n, small coefficient of internal 

The same problem of controlled spontaneous radiative decay is connected with perspectives creation of short wave (X I A) laboratory X-Ray laser on radiative transitions between inner electron shells in heavy atoms. In such systems, timelife of excited electron state is very short r I fs) that lead to necessity of use fantastic and nonreal 

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