Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis prevention

Drug therapy for portal hypertension and cirrhosis can alleviate symptoms and prevent complications but it cannot reverse cirrhosis. Drug therapy is available to treat the complications of ascites, varices, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, hepatic encephalopathy, and coagulation abnormalities. 

Mowat C, Stanley AJ Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis - Diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2001 15 1851-1859. 

Fernandez J, Bauer TM, Navasa M, Rodes J Diagnosis, treatment and prevention of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Baillieres Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2000 14 975-990. 

Trespi E, Colla C, Belloni G, Pollino MG, Magnani L, Panizza P, Venturini A Efficacy of rifaximin as a prophylactic agent for the prevention of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in alcoholic patients. Ital J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1999 31 534A. 

Bhuva, M., Ganger, D., Jensen, D. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis an update on evaluation, management, and prevention. Amer. X Med. 1994 97 169-175... 

Holland, D.J., Sorrell, T.C. Antimicrobial therapy and prevention of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. X Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 1993 8 370-374... 

Soriano, G., Guarner, C., Telxldo, M., Such, J., Barrios, J., Enriquez, J., Vllardell, F. Selective intestinal decontamination prevents spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Gastroenterology 1991 100 477 - 481... 

Trimethoprim is fairly active against a variety of Grampositive cocci and Gram-negative rods. Established indications for co-trimoxazole are infections of the sinuses, ears, lungs, and urinary tract, and infections due to Salmonella, Nocardia, Brucella, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Pneumocystis proved, and Toxoplasma (1,6). Co-trimoxazole is also used in the treatment of Wegener s granulomatosis, for prevention of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, and in patients with advanced HIV infection for the prophylaxis of opportunistic infections (1,6). 

Gines P, Rimola A, Planas R, et al. Norfloxacin prevents spontaneous bacterial peritonitis recurrence in cirrhosis Results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Hepatology 1990 12 716-724. 

Dupeyron C, Mangeney N, Sedrati L, et al. Rapid emergence of quinolone resistance in cirrhotic patients treated with norfloxacin to prevent spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1994 38 340-344. 

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