Spiralling helix

Fluidisation pattern Circulating, less controlled Controlled, regular coating intervals Controlled, spiralling helix... 

Three forces act on the product to produce a fluidization pattern best described as a spiraling helix. The rotation of the disc moves the substrate outward by centrifugal force. The fluidization air accelerates the product up the walls of the product container. Finally, gravity (and possibly turbulent air eddies) causes the particles to tumble inward toward the center of the disc. Typically the nozzle is immersed low in the product bed in a region of high substrate density and speed, and the liquid is sprayed concurrently with the flow of product, though at least one vendor locates the nozzle above the bed, spraying downward onto its surface,... 

Nowadays, carbon nanotubes can be produced by diverse techniques such as arc discharge [4-8], pyrolysis of hydrocarbons over catalysts [9- ll],laser vaporisation of graphite [12, 13], and by electrolysis of metal salts using graphite electrodes [14, 15]. The products exhibit various morphologies (e.g. straight, curled, hemitoroidal, branched, spiral, helix-shaped, etc.). 

Schnitt cut section (Spirale/Helix) spiral, helix... 

Any fractionating column of moderate efficiency is satisfactory, e.g., a Dufton column (20 cm. long containing a spiral 10 cm. in length, 2 cm. in diameter with 8 turns of the helix) or a Vigreux column (20-25 cm. long). 

A Widmer column (spiral 18 cm. in length, 1 5 cm. in diameter with 20 turns of the helix) is satisfactory. 

The secondary stmcture of the plasminogen molecule, as determined by circular dichroism spectra, is 80% random coil, 20% beta-stmcture, and 0% alpha-helix. Electron microscopy has demonstrated the tertiary stmcture of plasminogen to be a 22- to 24-nm long spiral filament with a diameter of 2.2 to 2.4 nm. 

A convenient way to illustrate the amino acid sequences in helices is the helical wheel or spiral. Since one turn in an a helix is 3.6 residues long, each residue can be plotted every 360/3.6 = 100° around a circle or a spiral, as shown in Figure 2.4. Such a plot shows the projection of the position of the... 

Figure 2.4 The helical wheel or spiral. Amino acid residues are plotted every 100° around the spiral, following the sequences given in Table 2.1. The following color code is used green Is an amino acid with a hydrophobic side chain, blue is a polar side chain, and red is a charged side chain. The first helix is all hydrophobic, the second is polar on one side and hydrophobic on the other side, and the third helix is all polar.

This jacket is considered a special case of a helical coil if certain factors are incorporated into equations for calculating outside-film coefficients. In the equations at left and below, the equivalent heat transfer diameter D. for a rectangular cross-section IS equal to four times the width of the annular space, w and IS the mean or centerline diameter of the coil helix. Velocities are calculated from the actual cross-section of the flow area. pw. where p IS the pitch of the spiral baffle, and from the effective mass flowrate. W. through the passage. The leakage around spiral baffles is considerable, amounting to 35-50% of the total mass flowrate. The effective mass flowrate is about 60% of the total mass flowrate to the jacket W =... 

Schnecke, /. snail slug worm (of a still) (Geom.) helix (Mach.) worm, endless screw volute spiral stairway (Anal.) cochlea. Schneckel, /. conical spiral. 

Spirale, /. spiral, coil, helix spiral condenser. Spiralfeder,/. spiral spring, spiraiformig, a. spiral, helical, spimlig, a. spiral. — adv. spirally. 

In 1953, James Watson and Francis Crick made their classic proposal for the secondary structure of DNA. According to the Watson-Crick model, DNA under physiological conditions consists of two polynucleotide strands, running in opposite directions and coiled around each other in a double helix like the handrails on a spiral staircase. The two strands are complementary rather than identical and are held together by hydrogen bonds between specific pairs of... 

As a thickener (as opposed to a gel), it is amylose that has the main function. The long water-soluble chains increase the viscosity, which doesn t change much with temperature. Amylose chains tend to curl up into helixes (spirals) with the hydrophobic parts inside. This allows them to trap oils, fats, and aroma molecules inside the helix. 

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