Spider lycosid

One of the earliest records of pheromones in spiders was made by Lendl (1887— 88), who described an odor emanating from female Geolycosa vultuosa (as Trochosa infemalis) (Lycosidae), which attracted males. Subsequent work by Bristowe and Locket (1926) described male lycosid courtship displays (in the absence of the females) in response to contact chemical stimuli. Kaston (1936) demonstrated that female appendages released courtship in males, and that the activity was lost after extraction with ether. These observations were confirmed for several other species by various authors (reviews Leborgne, 1981 Tietjen and Rovner, 1982 Pollard etal., 1987 Stewart, 1988). 

Bristowe, W. S. and Locket, G. H. (1926). The courtship of British lycosid spiders, and its probable significance. Proceedings of the Zoological Society, London 1926 ... 

Hegdekar, . M. and Dondale, C.D. (1969). A contact sex pheromone and some response parameters in lycosid spiders. Canadian Journal of Zoology 47 -A. 

Lizotte, R. and Rovner, J. S. (1989). Water-resistant sex pheromones in lycosid spiders from a tropical wet forest. Journal of Arachnology 17 121-125. 

Rovner, J. S. (1968). An analysis of display in the lycosid spider Lycosa rabida Walckenaer. Animal Behaviour 16 358-369. 

Chemical communication in lycosids and other spiders. In Spider Communication. Mechanisms and Ecological Significance, eds. P. N. Witt and J. S. Rovner, pp. 249-279. Princeton, NJ Princeton University Press. 

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