Normal-type spectrum

Although the second generation of platinum drugs is less toxic than cisplatin, many appear to be cross-resistant with cisplatin. Requirements which are influencing the search for new generations of active complexes include (1) lower toxicity to normal cells than cisplatin, (2) activity against tumors with acquired cisplatin resistance, (3) activity against a wider spectrum of types of cancer, and (4) oral activity. 

Type II. Mononuclear copper site exhibiting a normal EPR spectrum. This type, however, can be divided into the following three classes ... 

As with the visible absorption spectra, the ESR spectra differentiate between the more normal type of copper and the blue copper sites. The ESR spectrum of stellacyanin from the lac tree is shown in Figure 2. Three g factors are required to calculate this spectrum from the spin... 

Although this book is concerned only with the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum, it will be useful to look at the entire spectrum normally used in analysis. The spectrum is divided into several regions, each of which is used for a different purpose, and each of which furnishes a different type of information. These are the X-ray, ultraviolet, visible, near-infrared, infrared, far-infrared, and microwave regions. This division of the spectrum is arbitrary, and the boundaries... 

Polymers, like molecules, have vibrational modes. However, in addition to the normal types of vibration found in molecules, polymers have modes of vibration along the polymer chain. The approach to calculating the vibrational spectrum is similar to that used in generating the electronic wavefunctions, that is, the real Hessian matrix for the polymer is used in the construction of complex. symmetry adapted Hessians corresponding to the various points in a BZ. Diago-nalization of these Hessians yields the phonon and vibrational spectrum. 

Out-of-Plane Vibrations, yCH and yCD. In accordance with all the proposed assignments (201-203), the bands at 797 and 716 cm correspond to yCH vibrators, which is confirmed by the C-type structure observed for these frequencies in the vapor-phase spectrum of thiazoie (Fig. 1-9). On the contrary, the assignments proposed for the third yCH mode are contradictory. According to Chouteau et al. (201), this vibration is located at 723 cm whereas Sbrana et al. (202) prefer the band at S49cm and Davidovics et al. (203) the peak at 877 cm This last assignment is the most compatible with the whole set of spectra for the thiazole derivatives (203) and is confirmed by the normal vibration mode calculations (205) (Table 1-25). The order of decreasing yCH frequencies, established by the study of isotopic and substituted thiazole derivatives, is (203) yC(4)H > 70(2)13 > yC(5)H. Both the 2- and 4-positions, which seem equivalent for the vCH modes, are quite different for the yCH out-of-plane vibrations, a fact related to the influence observed for the... 

We ve matched up the predicted to observed frequencies by examining the displacements for each normal mode and determining the type of motion to which it corresponds (just as we did for ground state frequencies). The scaled frequencies are generally in excellent agreement with the observed spectrum. ... 

The infra-red measurements were of two types, normal-film measurements with the sample sandwiched between KBr plates, and tilted-film experiments with the sample sandwiched between 45° prisms of KBr, in each case with layers of Nujol to provide optical matching. Whereas the 1616 cm 1 Raman line occurs in a region well clear of other lines so that it was satisfactory to measure peak intensities, the infra-red spectrum of PET shows many overlapping bands. Accurate assessment of absorption intensities therefore requires the computer separation of the spectrum into a set of overlapping peaks (shown to be Lorentzian in profile) and a linear background. The procedures adopted and the band assignments are discussed in detail by Hutchinson et al. 6). 

One of the features of an ion-trap is that ion selection is carried out in time rather than space. In this type of instrument, MS-MS data are generated by ionizing the analyte of interest in the normal way but then, instead of causing ions of all m/z values to become unstable and reach the detector, ions other than those being studied by MS-MS are ejected from the trap. The selected ion is then caused to fragment, in the trap, and the ions so generated are made unstable in order to generate the MS-MS spectrum. The procedure may then be... 

The coordination of the Rieske cluster in the a subunit of benzene dioxygenase has been studied by site-directed mutagenesis. The replacement of His 98 or His 119 (corresponding to His 83/104 in NDO) by Cys resulted in a protein that was unable to coordinate a normal Rieske-type cluster (53). In the mutant His 98 Cys, a novel EPR spectrum with av = 1-94 was detected that is intermediate between... 

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