Special interest lobbying

Inevitably, certain features and issues will deserve more attention than can be given to them in the micro or macro sections. For instance, inadequacies in data constrained some decisions and data availability seems to have been a problem, and to have constituted a major part of the process, in most if not all Member States. If the issue deserves further mention, this is the section for it. Also Member States had several options explicitly left to them that deserve some discussion, such as whether to auction up to 5% of the total allocation. Certain features of the NAPs also stand out, such as new entrants reserves, closure provisions, and the treatment of central heating plants and biomass burning installations. While all of these may be described in Section 3, this section provides the room to develop the rationale and factors influencing the decisions that were made. This is also the place to discuss other factors that don t fit neatly into the previous categories or that were sufficiently important to deserve more discussion, such as the role of rumour, special-interest lobbying, or particular legal issues. 

For many years, the elderly were perceived as an impoverished group and were often ignored politically. Today, they are a special interest group who has changed the state of Florida by lobbying for elderly benefits, such as Social Security and other governmental programs. 

The ACS Constitution was revised in 1890 to include specific requirements for membership. Persons who had published chemical research, obtained a chemistry degree, taught chemistry in an established institution, or were employed as a chemist in technical pursuits were eligible to join the Society. (The tension between New York industrial chemists and the academic elite lent the last clause a special significance.) By 1897, membership requirements were simplified, reading only that a prospective member needed adequate training in chemistry. In an attempt to broaden ACS membership (and with lobbying by the New York Section), the membership requirement was relaxed in 1902 to allow any person interested in the promotion of chemistry to be elected to the ACS. See III, Browne and Weeks, 1952, 205-206. 

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