Spanish wines

LARRAURi J A, SANCHEZ-MORENO c, RUPEREZ p and SAURA-CALIXTO F (1999) Free radical scavenging capacity in the aging of selected red Spanish wines, JAgric Food Chem, 47, 1603-6. 

SANCHEZ-MORENO c, SATNE-GRACIA, M T and FRANKEL, E N (2000) Antioxidative activity of selected Spanish wines in com oil emulsions, J Agric Food Chem, 48, 5581-7. 

FIGURE 4.10 Average responses in antioxidant assays for microoxygenated (mo) and control wines, for 4 replicates of 162 Spanish wines (n — 648). Values that are significantly different (LSD test, p = 0.05) are given different letters. Reprinted with permission from Rivero-Perez et at. (2008). Copyright 2008 Elsevier. 

From 1788 to 1794 the Portuguese wine consumed in Great Britain, principally port, was 75" 87 per cent, because there were only two-thirds of the duty paid upon the wines of Portugal that were paid on other wines. The duties were equalized in 1831, and from that time to 1854 the consnmptioh of port diminished, until, in 1854, it was only 36 69 of the whole consumption. Spanish wines, only 18 67 In the first period, rose to 38 34 per cent. French wines that were only 3-28 per cent., had risen in 1854 to 842. 

Abstract Sherry wines are among the most distinctive Spanish wines, mainly... 

The phenolic antioxidant activity in the corn oil emulsions of 17 selected Spanish wines and two Californian wines was examined for their preventive capability for lipid oxidation as dietary antioxidants. The inhibition of hydroperoxide formation [measured as percent of control for 10 iM gallic acid equivalents (GAE)] was increased from 8.4 to 40.2% in the presence of the red wines, from 20.9 to 45.8% with the rose wines, and from 6.5 to 47.0% with the white wines. The inhibition of hydroperoxide formation at 20 xM GAE was increased from 11.9 to 34.1% in the presence of red wines, from 0.1 to 34.5% with the rose wines, and from 3.3 to 37.2% with the white wines. The inhibition of the hexanal formation at 10 (jlM GAE was increased from 23.6 to 64.4% in the presence of red wines, from 42.7 to 68.5% with the rose wines, and from 28.4 to 68.8% with the white wines. Moreover, the inhibition of the hexanal formation at 20 xM GAE was increased from 33.0 to 46.3% in the presence of red wines, from 11.3 to 66.5% with the rose wines, and from - 16.7 to + 21.0% with the white wines. The antioxidant effect declined apparently with increasing concentration. The antioxidant activity might be ascribed to the five main groups of phenolics identified in the wines benzoic acids, anthocyanins, flavan-3-ols, flavonols, and hexanal [38]. 

Bover-Cid, S., Izquierdo-Pidido, M., Marine-Font, A. Vidal-Carou, M.C. (2006). Biogenic, mono-, di- and polyamine contents in Spanish wines and influence of a limited irrigation. Food Chem., 96, 43 7. 

Marcobal, A., Polo, M.C., Martin-Alvarez, P.J. Moreno-Arribas, M.V. (2005a). Biogenic amines content of red Spanish wines. Comparison of a Direct ELISA and an HPLC method for the determination of histamine in wines. EoodRes. Int., 38,387-394. 

Vidal-Carou, M.C., Codony-Salcedo, R. Marine-Eont, A. (1990a). Histamine and tyramine in Spanish wines Relationships with total sulfur dioxide level, volatile acidity and malolactic fermentation intensity. Food Chem., 35, 217-227. 

Pena-Neira, A., Hernandez, T., Garcia-Vallejo, C., Estrella, I., Suarez, J. A. (2000). A Survey of phenolic compounds in Spanish wines of different geographical origin. Eur. Food Res. Technol., 210, 445-448. 

Martm-Alvarez, P.J., Polo, M.C., Herraiz, M., Caceres, 1., Gonzalez Raurich, M., Herraiz, T., Reglero, G., Cabezudo M.D., Sanz, J. (1987). Application of chemometiics to the characterization of Spanish wines, in Flavour Science and Technology, pp. 489 99. Ed. by M. Martens, G.A. Dalen H. Russwurm Jr. John Wiley Sons Ltd., Oslo, Norway. 

The development of free radical scavenging capacity as determined by the DPPH method was studied during aging of selected red Spanish wines (Larrauri et al.,... 

Spanish wines [57] Classification of wine varieties 16 tin-oxide sensors... 

Escudero A. Campo E. Farina L., Cacho J. Ferreira V. (2007). Analytical Characterization of the Aroma of Five Premium Red Wines. Insights into the Role of Odor Families and the Concept of Fruitiness of Wines. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Vol. 55, No. 11, (May 2007), pp.4501-4510, ISSN 0021-8561 Etievant, P.X. (1991). Wine. In Volatile compounds of food and beverages, Maarse H (ed) Marcel Dekker, 483-546, ISBN 0-8247-8390-5, New York Ferreira, V. Fernandez, P. Pena, C. Escudero, A. Cacho, J. F. (1995). Investigation on the role played by fermentation esters in the aroma of young Spanish wines by multivariate analysis. Journal of tiie Science of Food and Agriculture. Vol.67, No.3, (September 2006), pp.381-392, ISSN 1097-0010... 

Moreover, the use of 4.6 mm internal diameter columns instead of 2.1 mm in combination with the use of core shell particles permits to increase the flow rate without an increase in the back pressure. This type of column was selected by Serrano-Lourido et al. [10] for the analysis and classification of red wines from different Spanish appellations of origin. The use of LC-UV-vis and LC-fluorescence signals obtained in combination with chemometric analysis by PCA and PLS-DA was successfully applied for Spanish wine classification. 

Padilla E, Ruiz E, Redondo S, Gordillo-Moscoso A, Slowing K, Tejerina T (2005) Relationship between vasodilation capacity and phenolic content of Spanish wines. Eur J Pharmacol 517(1-2) 84—91... 

Valdes-Sanchez, E., Treatment of red Spanish wines with activated charcoal prepared from grapevine shoots Evaluation of the effect on ochratoxin A content and polyphenol... 

Equally noteworthy were Tobias Crisp s mercantile family ties. For his father had been a London alderman while Tobias himself had married Mary, daughter of merchant Rowland Wilson the elder. His brother-in-law was Rowland Wilson, a freeman of the East India Company who was involved in the Spanish wine trade and whom Keith Lindley has identified as a leading City parliamentarian during the Civil War. Moreover, Tobias s widow would marry the Massachusetts Bay Company investor, Virginia tobacco trader and regicide Owen Rowe. All of which suggests that Jane s merchant brother may have had dealings with this powerful commercial network. 

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