Sources of Atmospheric Aerosol Particles

Sources of atmospheric aerosol particles are bulk-to-particle conversion, gas-to-particle conversion, and combustion processes. Bulk-to-particle conversion includes the formation of sea salt, dust, and biogenie partieles. Gas-to-particle formation involves either new particle formation from aerosol precursor gases, or growth of preexisting particles by mass transfer processes between the gas and the partiele phase. Particles derived from gas-to-partiele eonversion processes are also called secondary aerosol particles. Other partieles, sueh as from bulk-to-partiele eonversion processes or combustion particles (soot, fly ash), are called primary aerosol particles. 

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Mineral dust is mostly deflated from soils in arid and semiarid regions. The emission of dust particles strongly depends on surface wind speed and gustiness as 

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