Solved example

Over 50 solved example problems are sprinkled throughout the book. 

MATLAB, its Toolboxes and SIMULINK have beeome, over a number of years, the industry standard software paekage for eontrol system design. The purpose of this Appendix is to introduee the reader to some of the more useful aspeets of MATLAB, and to illustrate how the software may be used to solve examples given in the main text of the book. 

From the nature of apparent properties, we note that the apparent molar enthalpy assigns all of the enthalpy change in forming a mixture to the solute. The result, as shown in equation (7.79), is that all we need to do to calculate AH for a solution process is find the difference in oL between the products and reactants. Thus, to solve Example 7.2 using apparent molar enthalpies, we would write... 

Solve Example 4.10 algebraically and confirm the numerical example. For bin = Q you should find that the system has two steady states one with Uout = atn that is always possible and one with... 

The following is a program, complete except for output, for solving Example 13.10. Sample output is given at the end and in Figure 13.9. 

The E-Z Solve software may also be used to solve Example 12-7 (see file exl2-7.msp). In this case, user-defined functions account for the addition of fiesh glucose, so that a single differential equation may be solved to desenbe the concentration-time profiles over the entire 30-dry period. This example file, with die user-defined functions, may be used as the basis for solution of a problem involving the nonlinear kinetics in equation (A), in place of the linear kinetics in (B) (see problem 12-17). 

To characterize the performance of a PFR subject to an axial gradient in temperature, the material and energy balances must be solved simultaneously. This may require numerical integration using a software package such as E-Z Solve. Example 15-4 illustrates the development of equations and the resulting profile for fA with respect to... 

In this appendix, we illustrate how E-Z Solve may be used for each of these types of problems. We expand on the basic features of E-Z Solve described in the Help and Help/tutorial menus in the software. The file Appendix.msp in the E-Z Solve software contains the equations used to solve examples D-l to D-4 which follow. The main elements of the syntax are also printed within this appendix. 

The material in this section is discussed in all texts of quantum mechanics. A very useful compilation of explicitly solved examples is Fliigge (1971). See also the very good but not so easily available collection of problems of Gold man et al. (1960). 

Use Laplace transform techniques to solve Example 6.7 where a ramp disturbance drives a first-order system. 

Solve Example 26.3 with the following modification the kinetics of the reaction is ash diffusion controlled with t R = 100 pum) = 10 min. 

Solve Example 2.2 with a computational mass transport routine under the following conditions ... 

Because the problem-solving mindset shaped what students expected the class would be like, it also influenced their decisions on what they needed to do to be successful in class. As noted above, students with a problem-solving mindset believed that the purpose of class was to solve problems. For these students, their job was to find the answers to the problems the instructor presented. Moreover, they expected that by looking through the textbook or their class notes they would either find the answer or a solved example problem exactly like the one being asked. 

Solve Example 3.2 with the simplified model = k [H+] + k [HA] without weighting, then, in turn, apply relative weighting and user specified... 

Solve Example 5.4B using the program module M70. Try to solve Example 5.4A with the same method. (Comment on the differences in accuracy, required step size, etc. 

While many solved examples and complete MATLAB codes are given in the book and on the CD, the students should try to excel with his/her codes by personal initiative and by designing his/her own codes. These should be tested by solving the exercises at the end of the section. 

The advent of FAB mass spectrometry has allowed the routine molecular weight determination of polar molecules, without derivatization, up to ca 3,000 Daltons, and in exceptional cases, within 1 mass unit to the region of 8,000 Daltons. This advance, coupled with FAB fragmentation, and enzymic digestion techniques, has allowed the rapid solution of a number of problems in protein and peptide chemistry - problems which were hitherto rather difficult to solve. Examples are given. 

Example 3.7 Solve Example 2.1 using Smoker s method. Assume an average relative volatility of 2.49, solution (a) Rectifying section ... 

Example 7-6. Solve Example 4 using Eq. (7-39) and compare the two results. 

Thus, for die methanol/ water system the straight dashed line shown in Fi connecting the pure-species volumes (V] at xt — 1 and V2 at x, = 0) the V-vs.-x, relation that would result if this system formed an ideal solu If in solving Example 11.2 we assume that the solution is ideal, we th values for V, and V2 in place of the values for V, and V2. Otherwise the pr is worked in exactly the same way, and the results are... 

This problem-solving example addresses a complicated base-catalyzed reaction, using the system for proposing mechanisms summarized in Appendix 3A. The problem is to propose a mechanism for the base-catalyzed reaction of ethyl acetoacetate with methyl vinyl ketone. 

Write a computer program which will solve Example 4-15 for different input properties. For nomenclature take T(N) = temperature of node N at beginning of time increment, TP(N) = temperature of node at end of time increment, X = number of nodes, W = width of plate, TA = temperature of left fluid, HA = convection coefficient of left fluid, TB = temperature of right fluid, HB... 

The offer made by program is diverse mechanisms leading to experimentally proved synthons are preferred. Those in the solved example [56] are ethylene, 1,2-disubstituted ethane, carbon dioxide, 3-hydroxypropanenitrile 28, isocyanic acid 17, hydrogen cyanide 9, acrylonitrile 29, and cyanoformic acid 12. 

Solve Example 3.3 (p. 79) again, this time using 1 g of oxygen in each compound. Is the law of multiple proportions stiU valid ... 

Example 2 Solve Example 1 using eqn 8.13 and compare the two results. Starting with a = 39.8 and T = 0.181 from Example 1 calculate the value for using eqn 8.14 ... 

To further illustrate the method of successive approximations, we will solve Example 7.9 by using this procedure. In solving for [H+] for 0.010 M H2SO4, we obtain the following expression ... 

Solve Example 3.8 by assuming 12 intervals and compare your results with the values you read from the figure at 2-h intervals. 

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