Solid supports in gas chromatography

Karl Fischer titration A sensitive technique for determining water, based on the reaction of HzO with an amine, I2, S02, and an alcohol, kelvin, K Absolute unit of temperature defined such that the temperature of water at its triple point (where water, ice, and water vapor are at equilibrium) is 273.16 K and the absolute zero of temperature is 0 K. Kieselguhr German term for diatomaceous earth, which was formerly used as a solid support in gas chromatography. 

V.G. Berezkin, V.P. Pakhomov and K.I. Sakodynsky, Tverdiye Nositeli v Gasovoy Khro-matografli (Solid Supports in Gas Chromatography), Khimiya, Moscow, 1975. 

Berezkin, V.G., Pakhomov, V.P. and Sakodinski, K.t. Solid Supports in Gas Chromatography. Supelco, Poole, Dorset, 1980. 

Many studies of urea inclusion compounds have focused on practical applications, such as inclusion polymerization. stabilization of liquids or unstable solids in an isolated form, and molecular separation and chromatography. Chemists studying fatty acids, for example, routinely use urea inclusion compounds to carry out molecular separations. Among industrial examples, urea inclusion compound formation has been used by the petroleum industry in the dewaxing of certain oil fractions, although zeolites are now routinely used in such applications. Other applications include stabilization of diacyl peroxides and peroxy acids in laundry products, and the use of urea inclusion compounds as solid supports in gas-liquid chromatography. 

In gas chromatography,1 2 gaseous analyte is transported through the column by a gaseous mobile phase, called the carrier gas. In gas-liquid partition chromatography, the stationary phase is a nonvolatile liquid bonded to the inside of the column or to a fine solid support... 

In the early days of HPLC (1970-78), solid supports were coated with a liquid stationary phase as in gas chromatography. Columns with these packings had short lifetimes and a gradual decrease in resolution because there was continuous loss of the liquid stationary phase with use of the column. 

In an experiment to determine the effects of sample size and amount ofliquid phase on the height equivalent to a theoretical plate (HETP) in gas chromatography, it was necessary to utilize solid support material from different batches. It was therefore imperative that the resulting data be checked for homogeneity prior to attempting to develop any quantitative expressions regarding the effects of these variables on HETP. Several sets of data points were selected at random and examined using Bartlett s test. 

In Gas Chromatography. The rate equation for GC tells us that our packed column should have thin films on the solid support dt should be small. This is achieved by using supports with large surface areas and small... 

The term gas chromatography describes all chromatographic methods in which the mobile phase is a gas. Gas-liquid chromatography describes methods in which the stationary phase is a liquid distributed on a solid support, and gas-solid chromatography, methods in which the stationary phase is a solid. 

In gas chromatography (GC), the stationary phase consists of beads of an inert solid support coated with a high-boiling liquid, and the mobile phase is a gas, usually helium. Figure 13.38 shows a typical gas chromatograph. The sample is injected by... 

In liquid chromatography (LC) the flowing or mobile phase is a liquid, whereas in gas chromatography (GC) it is a gas. Gas-solid chromatography (GSC) is the specific term used when the stationary phase is a solid in gas-liquid chromatography (GLC), the stationary phase is a liquid spread over the surface of a solid support. The present chapter is concerned with LC the following chapter deals with GC in its various forms. 

GAS-LIQUID INTERFACE AND SOLID SUPPORT EFFECTS OF POLAR SOLUTE-NONPOLAR SOLVENT SYSTEMS IN GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY. 

The interested reader desiring further details about solid supports is urged to consult the comprehensive reviews of Ottenstein (10,11) and the benchmark book, The Packed Column in Gas Chromatography, written by Supina (12). 

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