Soft modeling technique, model evaluation

While the evaluation of the interactions in a dense system is computationally beneficial, the underlying lattice structure requires the usage of special simulation techniques to accurately calculate the contribution of the nonbonded interactions to the pressure. These difficulties can be mitigated by using a soft, coarse-grained, off-lattice model. Since forces are well defined in off-lattice models, one can use Brownian dynamics or dissipative particle dynamics methods [97-103]. Also, simulations under constant pressure or surface tension are feasible. 

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