Sodium dodecyl sulfate , self-assembled

Surfactants having a positive curvature, above a given concentration usually called the critical micellar concentration, cmc, self-assemble to form oil-in-water aggregates called normal micelles. The surfactant most often used is sodium dodecyl sulfate, Na(DS) or SDS. To make particles, the counterion of the surfactant is replaced by ions which participate in the chemical reaction. These are called functionalized surfactants. 

The amphiphilic molecules constituting the micelles can be surfactants, like sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) for the solubilization of artemisinin and curcumin or for the delivery of polyphe-nolic fractions from Hamamelis virginianaP The micelles can also be formed of synthetic block copolymers. For example, copolymers of caprolactone 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl ester units with poly(meth)acrylic acid side chains have been self-assembled in micelles of quercetin associated with indomethacin for the treatment of inflammatory diseases (Figure 36.10). Resveratrol has been loaded into PCL-PEG micelles for its protective effect against oxidative stress. An aqueous formulation of luteolin has been developed with the same PCL-PEG micelles, with potential anticancer effect. ... 

Figure 5.14 Sodium dodecyl sulfate, an amphiphile comprising a hydrophilic sulfonate head group (hydrophilic head) and the 12-carbon alkyl chain (lipophilic tail) (sodium counter-ions not shown) self-assemblies to give a monolayer at the air - water interface.

Vangeyte, R, Leyh, B., Auvray, L., Grandjean, J., Misselyn-Bauduin, A.-M., Jerome, R. Mixed self-assembly of poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(e -caprolactone) copolymers and sodium dodecyl sulfate in aqueous solution. Langmuir 2004, 20(21), 9019-9028. 

Costantino et al. [103] reported the direct aza-Diels-Alder reaction between 2-cyclohexen-l-one and benzaldimines in water, catalyzed by layered a-zirconium hydrogen phosphate (a-ZrP) in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) at 30 ° C (Table 6.2). The yield of the product was good, and the reaction was faster and the exo-diastereoselectivity was higher than when an organic solvent was used. A Cr(III)(salen)Cl catalyst embedded into a self-assembled supramolecular aggregate displays substrate selectivity with an up to 3.5 fold increase in activity in favor of longer over shorter dienophiles in the reaction with cyclopentadiene under aqueous micellar conditions [104]. 

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