Sodium bonding

Whether a carbon-metal bond is ionic or polar-covalent is determined chiefly by the electronegativity of the metal and the structure of the organic part of the molecule. Ionic bonds become more likely as the negative charge on the metalbearing carbon is decreased by resonance or field effects. Thus the sodium salt of acetoacetic ester has a more ionic carbon-sodium bond than methylsodium. 

Compounds Containing Sodium Bonded to a Transition Metal.. 

There are fewer examples of sodium-bonded eompounds than of those containing Li. When (CDT)Ni is treated with a salt-free NaPh-LiPh mixture (Na Li = 2-4) in the mole ratio (NaPh + LiPh) Ni = 4 in ether in the presence of C2H4, the complex [(PhNa)2(Et20)2lNi(C2H4) (I) precipitates as an orange-red powder, whereas... 

Rate Constants of the Transitions Between the Three Forms of the Carbon-Sodium-Bond... 

Tellurium also inserts into the carbon-sodium bond of readily prepared sodium acetylides. These reactions are generally carried out in liquid ammonia. 

Figure 14 The water-to-sodium bond distances and the water-to-nucleotide hydrogen-bond distances in guanosine 3, 5 -cyclic monophosphate sodium tetrahydrate.

The propagation of the ensuing polymerization was then described as an insertion of a monomer into the C-Na bond yielding another carbon-sodium bond - a description that differs only slightly from our present formulation. Not surprisingly, it was superfluous to postulate a termination step in this mechanism the polymer still possessed the active C-Na bond. Indeed, polymerization was resumed when fresh monomer was added to the reactor7. ... 

Since sodium methyl acetylide is the salt of the extremely weak acid, methyl acetylene, the acetylide ion is a stronger base, thus this reaction involves substitution of acetylide ion for halide ion. From this it can readily be seen that the metal ion, sodium, bonds to the released halide ion and the acetylide ion bonds to the alkyl group yielding a higher alkyne, plus a metal halide as the byproduct. 

Westphal, B.R. and R.D. Mariani. 2000. Uranium processing during the treatment of sodium-bonded spent nuclear fuel. The Journal of The Minerals, Metals Materials Society 52(9) 21-25. 

Farther southwest from oxygen s corner, we encounter bigger elements that make longer, weaker, faster bonds, especially plus-one sodium and potassium. It is chemically impossible to build with sodium in water—water dissolves all sodium bonds. These elements are only useful for balancing the overall charge in a cell, although this will become extremely useful in Chapter 9. 

In addition a study of clad carburization was carried out on different cladding materials after the irradiation of sodium-bonded pins in the Rapsodie and Dounreay fast reactors at bum-ups ranging from 2.6 to 12.5at.% and linear powers between 80 and lOOkW/m. The following conclusion was drawn ... 

Pellet-cladding chemical interaction. Figure 7.28 illustrates carbon penetration into the cladding measured on an experimental vented, sodium-bonded pin called PRECURSAB Al, irradiated in PHENIX to a peak bum-up of about 180x10 ° captures/cm. The presence of boron and carbon in stainless steel produces severe embrittlement and for the long proposed lifetimes these penetration effects can be limiting factors. 

The result of electron donation by the six oxygen atoms from crown ether is an enhancement of the ionic character of thie carbon-sodium bond. An increase in ionic character in the copolyberization results in an increased amount of vinyl structure. Such ah explanation has been suggested by Antkowiak in the n-butyllithium initiated polymerization. 

Design Design Bond) (Sodium "bond") (Sodium "bond")... 

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