Smoking and Female Fertility

It has been shown that women exposed to cigarette smoke as well as those with prenatal exposures to their mothers cigarette smoke have substantially less fecundity (the ability to produce offspring within a given period of time) than women who are not exposed to smoke and whose mothers did not smoke during pregnancy. I1112  

In a study with donated oocytes, it was shown that women who smoke are less fertile than those who do not and that exposure to tobacco smoke affects uterine receptiveness to embryo implantation. 13  

The mechanisms for the effects of tobacco smoke on female fertility remain largely unknown. The transgenerational effect noted 11 js particularly without explanation. As noted previously, there are more than 4000 

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