Smekal

It was predicted in 1923 by Smekal and shown experimentally in 1928 by Raman and Krishnan that a small amount of radiation scattered by a gas, liquid or solid is of increased or decreased wavelength (or wavenumber). This is called the Raman effect and the scattered radiation with decreased or increased wavenumber is referred to as Stokes or anti-Stokes Raman scattering, respectively. 

Inelastic photon scattering processes are also possible. In 1928, the Indian scientist C. V. Raman (who won the Nobel Prize in 1930) demonstrated a type of inelastic scattering that had already been predicted by A. Smekal in 1923. This type of scattering gave rise to a new type of spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, in which the light is inelastically scattered by a substance. This effect is in some ways similar to the Compton effect, which occurs as a result of the inelastic scattering of electromagnetic radiation by free electrons. 

Nicolau DV, Pham DK, Ivanova EP, Wright JP, Lenigk R, Smekal T, Grodzinski P (2005) Small 1 610... 

Luboldt W, De Santis M, von Smekal A, Reiser M (1997) Attenuation characteristics and application of gadohnium-DTPA in fast helical computed tomography. Invest Radiol... 

Kohlrausch, K. W. F. Der SMEKAL-RAMAN-Effekt, Bd. II, S. I6ff. Berlin 1938. 

Already in 1923 Smekal > postulated the existence of frequency-shifted scattered radiation on the basis of quantum theory. He gave the energy relation... 

With these new, accurate data, Smekal,4 Coster,8 Dauvillier8 and Wentzel6 have constructed atomic systems to explain the source of each known emission line. The systems are based on the Bohr-Sommerfeld theory of the origin of characteristic X-radiation. In developing and discussing their systems, these investigators have used the values of the L absorption limits measured by us. Certain criticisms have been made of a few of our values. It has therefore seemed desirable to measure some of the limits again. 

According to Smekal,4 the My line is due to the passage of an electron from an Nz orbit to an Mz orbit. If this is true, the following relation between frequencies should hold ... 

K.W. F. Kohlrausch, Der Smekal-Raman Ejfekt (Berlin Springer, 1931). 

The work previous to 1931 is summarized by Kohlrausch, Der Smekal-Raman Effekt, Julius Springer, Berlin, 1931 Andrews, J. Chem. Education, 8, 1133, (1931). 

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