Small actuator

Multiple valves have been constructed on a PDMS valve control layer (see Figure 3.27) [167]. Multilayer soft lithography has been used to generate the valve control layer (4 mm thick for strength) plus a fluid layer (40 pm thick) on PDMS. The small Young modulus ( 750 kPa) of PDMS allows a large deflection (1 mm) to be produced using a small actuation force ( lOOkPa on a 100- x 100-pm valve area). The response time is on the order of 1 ms. Round channels were... 

Mixers are broadly classified as active or passive mixers based on the method of actuation. Active mixers employ active elements such as external pressure perturbations, small actuators, or other methods in addition to the appUed pressure that... 

Experimeiital data on tensile actuation versus twist insertion for neat non-coded MWNT yams shows the importance of twist on thermal contraction (Fig. 8). Although only small actuation strains of less than 0.1% were observed in diese neat, non-coiled Fermat yams, a clear increase in thermal contraetion was evident in yams prepared with higher twist. With increase of inserted twist from 9,650 to... 

Use precision machined industrial sliding stem (globe) valves with digital positioners tuned for the small actuator volumes to minimize stick-slip. 

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