Slow-cleared thoracic deposition

Alveolar Deposition Slow-Cleared Thoracic Deposition Aerodynamic Domain... 

Leggett (1992) also proposed a respiratory tract model. Deposition of americium particles, depending on their size, are assumed to deposit in three compartments representing extrathoracic, fast-clearing thoracic, and slow-clearing thoracic regions of the respiratory tract (Figure 3-8). 

Ciliary action removes deposited particles from both the bronchi and bronchioles. Though it is generally thought that mucocilliary action rapidly transports most particles deposited here toward the pharynx, a fraction of these particles are cleared more slowly. Evidence for this is found in human studies. For humans, retention of particles deposited in the lungs (BB and bb) is apparently biphasic. The slow action of the cilia may remove as many as half of the bronchi- and bronchiole-deposited particles. In human bronchi and bronchiole regions, mucus moves more slowly the closer to the alveoli it is. For the faster compartment, it has been estimated that it takes about 2 days for particles to travel from the bronchioles to the bronchi and 10 days from the bronchi to the pharynx. The second (slower) compartment is assumed to have approximately equal fractions deposited between BB2 and bb2 and both with clearance half-times estimated at 20 days. Particle size is a primary determinant of the fraction deposited in this slow thoracic compartment. A small fraction of particles deposited in the BB and bb regions is retained in the airway wall for even longer periods (BBseq and bbseq). 

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