Skill 25.5 Design and analyze the results of an acid-base titration

Skill 25.5 Design and analyze the results of an acid-base titration (which may include selecting an appropriate indicator or interpreting a titration curve). 

In a typical acid-base titration, an acid-base indicator (such as —initial 

The reagent of known concentration is usually used as the titrant. The titrant is poured into a buret (also spelled burette) until it is nearly full, and an initial buret reading is taken. Buret numbering is close to zero when nearly full. A known volume of the solution of unknown concentration is added to a flask and placed under the buret. The indicator is added or the pH meter probe is inserted. The initial state of a titration experiment is shown to the right above. 

The buret stopcock is opened and titrant is slowly added until the solution permanently changes color or the pH rapidly changes. This is the titration endpoint, and a final buret reading is made. The final state of a titration experiment is shown to the right below. The endpoint occurs when the number acid and base equivalents in the flask are identical  

The endpoint is also known as the titration equivalence point. Titration data typically consist of  

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