Sino-Japanese War

China s chemical industry began with a 40,000 Ton/per year Caustic Soda Plant in 1914. A few plants producing basic industrial chemicals were built in the 1930 s. By 1949, what the Sino-Japanese War (WW II) did not destroy of China s chemical industry, the Soviets managed to dismantle and remove. 

Unfortunately, CWAs have been used, or are thought to have been used, in a number of major conflicts in the twentieth century. Instances of CWA use include (1) extensive use in WWl, (2) use by Italy against Ethiopia (Abyssinia), (3) use in the Sino-Japanese War, (4) relatively wefl-smdied use in the Iran-Iraq conflict, and (5) the Matsumoto/Tokyo terrorist incidents. The mihtary effectiveness of these weapons is questionable however, their psychological value appears significant (Spies, 1986). We briefly discuss the information derived from each of the above instances. 

Hsu Long-hsuen and Chang Ming-kai,of the Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945) (Taiwan, 1972)pp. 168-71 Ministry of Information of the Republic of China, China After Five Years of War (London Gollancz, 1943) p. 49 E. Snow, Scorched Earth (London Gollancz, 1941) p. 48. BIOS/JAP/PR 1338, pp. 17-18. 

Long-hsuen, Hsu and Ming-kai, Chang. History of the Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945) (Taiwan, 1972). 

Others point out that it was the revenge of Ishiguro who was forced to resign after the Sino-Japanese War (1895) taking the responsibility for the beriberi pandemic among the soldiers, and the pride of Aoyama who considered himself as the authority of bacteriology in Japan. 

The Sino-Japanese War United States and CW Policy Churchill and Chemical Weapons The Bari Incident... 

February 1922. The Harding administration had several objectives in sponsoring the conference, principally naval disarmament, a disengagement of Britain from her pre-war alliance with Japan, and the resolution of outstanding Sino-Japanese disputes. Gas warfare was a comparatively minor issue, but the Harding administration still sought another international prohibition of poison gas to reaffirm international law, improve upon the Hague Declaration, and produce a statement which the American Senate could ratify (since it had failed to ratify the Treaty of Versailles). 

As far as is known, aside from an occasional cyanide grenade tossed at US soldiers (without apparent result), the battlefield use of chemicals in World War II was limited to the Sino-Japanese theater of operations. The Imperial Japanese Army employed chemical weapons against the Chinese during World War II (starting 1937 up until at least 1942). 2... 

Use of mustard gas in the Italian Ethiopian campaign 1936-1945 Discovery and production of nerve gases in Germany 1938-1941 Probable use of mustard gas and other chemical agents in the Sino-Japanese Manchurian war... 

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