Single-term approximation conduction

A study involving a multicomponent fibrous system can now be examined in terms of the above analysis. The tension required to maintain equilibrium between the crystalline and amorphous phases of cross-linked collagen has been deter-mined.(44) In these experiments the fiber is immersed either in a large excess of pure water or in an aqueous KCNS solution. The experiments were conducted over a wide temperature range. The equilibrium force at a given temperature was approximately independent of the total sample length and consequently the extent of the transformation. When the supernatant phase consists solely of pure water, the system is univariant and the aforementioned result is to be expected. However, the results obtained when the supernatant phase contains two components indicates that the single-liquid approximation is also valid in this particular case. 

Obviously, the treatment of the experimentally observed noise component as Lorentizian is also nothing more than an approximation, since in the case of several kinetic states, which we assumed in the interpretation of the H-H equations discussed above, there must be several Lorentzian terms in the integral spectrum. It is hence clear that the measurement precision available at present does not allow us to distinguish between these variants of ionic channel models. Nevertheless, it has already been possible to estimate the conductance of single K and Na" channels (several pmho) using noise measurement techniques, although the results reported by different authors are largely at variance. 

The collisional terms on the RHS were neglected based on the postulate that there is no direct sorbent-sorbent, catalyst-catalyst or sorbent-catalyst inter-particle heat exchange. Based on this approximation, we assume the changes in enthalpy for a single catalyst particle is solely determined by the gas—solid heat exchange resulting from convection and conduction ... 

---