Single templating method

Chain termination An incubation mixture is set up containing the single-stranded DNA template, method the primer, DNA polymerase I and all four deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates... 

The 34 ( 8), 44 (19), and 47 (19) types are all now known to be structures with the chabazite framework topology (as determined by single-crystal methods) but prepared with different templates, TEAOH, cyclohexyl ami ne, or N,N-di ethyl-ethanol ami ne, respectively. As initially prepared, there was sufficient variation in the x-ray powder patterns of the as-synthesized forms for different framework topologies to be considered. Once calcined, the three species exhibit essentially identical powder patterns, consistent with the framework topology. Other properties vary substantially among the three species. There still remains the possibility of unique, template mediated, framework siting for the metal in these and other tempiated forms of the chabazite topology. 

The simplest type of rigid-body method involves simply transferring the backbone conformation of the core of the protein from a single template to the unknown protein. An alternative is to construct a framework by averaging the structures from a number of protein templates Each template can be given a weight related to its sequence similarity to the unknown target [Srinivasan et al 1996]... 

Metal precursors can be calcined at a temperature higher than 400 °C, which is the temperature limit for the soft template method. The high temperature changes amorphous materials into crystalline materials. Porous single crystals, in which pores are in a single crystal, are frequently observed. 

Mesoporous crystalline M0O3 and WO3 were obtained in thin films. Ordered mesoporous WO3 was first produced using the soft template method. By changing formation conditions, cubic and hexagonal mesoporous structures were obtained. The hard template method using SBA-15 or KIT-6 produced ordered mesoporous crystalline WO3 materials. With SBA-15 as a template, a porous single crystal was formed, while polycrystalline porous WO3 materials were formed with a KrT-6 template,although reaction conditions were similar. 

Researchers have templated structures in numerous classes of polymer films using a variety of methods. The next sections of this chapter will summarize two particularly important templating methods—surface chemistry templating and topographic templating— for single polymer films, polymer blends, and block copolymer films. 

The advantage of template synthesis is that the length and diameter of the polymer fibers and tubes can be controlled by the selected porous membrane which results in more regular nanostructures. The template method has been used to synthesize nanofibers and tubes of PPy [19,20], PANI, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) [21], and some other polymers. The general feature of conventional template method is that the membrane should be soluble to be removed after the synthesis in order to obtain single fibers or tubes. It restricts practical application of this method and gives rise to a search... 

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