Single-reference Brillouin-Wigner

In section 6.1 we briefly describe the single reference Brillouin-Wigner coupled cluster expansions. The multireference case is considered in more detail in section 6.2. 

SINGLE REFERENCE BRILLOUIN-WIGNER COUPLED CLUSTER EXPANSIONS... 

SINGLE REFERENCE BRILLOUIN-WIGNER CONFIGURATION INTERACTION EXPANSION... 

A posteriori corrected single reference Brillouin-Wigner configuration interaction, BWCI, can be obtained by introducing a denominator correction... 

In this way, we have obtained a set of closed equations for the m2 operator. Equations (3.132) and (3.274) form the basis of the coupled cluster approximation at the double excitation level. The formalism discussed above can be used in the derivation of the single-reference Brillouin-Wigner coupled cluster theory. 

Single-reference Brillouin-Wigner coupled cluster theory... 

The relationship between single-reference Brillouin-Wigner perturbation theory and its Rayleigh-Schrodinger counterpart is well known, but for completeness we include a brief account of the single-reference case in Section 4.4.1 before turning to the multi-reference case in Section 4.4.2. 

Multi-reference Brillouin-Wigner theory overcomes the intruder state problem because the exact energy is contained in the denominator factors. Calculations are therefore state specific , that is they are performed for one state at a time. This is in contrast to multi-reference Rayleigh-Schrddinger perturbation theory which is applied to a manifold of states simultaneously. Multi-reference Brillouin-Wigner perturbation theory is applied to a single state. Wenzel and Steiner [105] write (see also [106]) ... 

We are now ready to define the wave operator for the multi-reference formalism. By analogy with the single-reference wave operator which we defined in Eq. 2.27, the multi-reference Brillouin-Wigner wave operator is defined as... 

Whereas the multi-reference Rayleigh-Schrodinger perturbation theory approximates a manifold of states simultaneously, the multi-reference Brillouin-Wigner perturbation theory approach is applied to a single state - it is said to be state-specific . The multi-reference Brillouin-Wigner perturbation theory avoids the intruder state problem. If a particular Brillouin-Wigner-based formulation is not a valid many-body method, then a posteriori correction can be applied. This correction is designed to restore the extensivity of the method. This extensivity may be restored approximately... 

Single-root formulation of multi-reference Brillouin-Wigner perturbation theory... 

In Section 4.2.3.1, we have defined the wave operator, 12, in the Brillouin-Wigner form (4.92). If we adopt an exponential ansatz for the wave operator, 12, we can develop the single-root (state-specific) multi-reference Brillouin-Wigner coupled-cluster (MR Bwcc) theory. This is the purpose of the present section. 

We turn now to the calculation of the effective Hamiltonian (4.98) for single-root multi-reference Brillouin-Wigner coupled cluster theory. Using the Hilbert space exponential ansatz of Jeziorski and Monkhorst, expression (4.103), the off-diagonal... 

Single-root multi-reference Brillouin-Wigner coupled cluster single- and double-excitations approximation... 

The application of the Brillouin-Wigner coupled cluster theory to the multireference function electron correlation problem yields two distinct approaches (i) the multi-root formalism which was discussed in Section 4.2.2 and (ii) the single-root formalism described in the previous subsections of this section. Section 4.2.3. The multiroot multi-reference Brillouin-Wigner coupled cluster formalism reveals insights into other formulations of the multi-reference coupled cluster problem which often suffer from the intruder state problem which, and in practice, may lead to spurious... 

In Brillouin-Wigner coupled cluster theory, the simple a posteriori correction described above is exact in the case of the single-reference formalism. In the state-specific multi-reference Brillouin-Wigner coupled cluster theory, the simple a posteriori correction is approximate. An iterative correction for lack of extensivity has been studied by Kttner [38], but this reintroduces the intruder state problem. 

---