Single nucleotide polymorphism detection assay

Chen, X. and Kwok, P. Y. (1999). Homogeneous genotyping assays for single nucleotide polymorphisms with fluorescence resonance energy transfer detection. Genet. Anal. 14, 157-63. 

This sensor size may thus be better suited for biological assays where a yes-or-no answer is required or only a small degree of signal quantification is needed. A potential application is the detection of mutations in DNA that occur in one or few nucleotides only, the so called SNPs (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms). In this case it is then necessary to distinguish accurately between almost identical DNA strands and it only matters if the particular mutation being probed is present or not. 

Hsu, T.M. Law, S.M. Duan, S. Neri, B.P. Kwok, P.-Y. Genotyping single-nucleotide polymorphisms by the invader assay with dual-color fluorescence polarization detection. Clin. Chem. 2001, 47, 1373-1377. 

Several assays have been patented for mutation detection these are mainly designed for single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis and use MALDI-TOF spectrometry (Invader , Sequazyme-PinPoint assay, MassARRAY , GOOD assay) all of which use PCR amplification, or require a high DNA concentration in the sample (Invader ). 

Zhou G, Kamahori M, Okano K, Chuan G, Harada K, Kambara H. Quantitative detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms for a pooled sample by a bioluminometric assay coupled with modified primer extension reactions (BAMPER). Nucleic Acids Res 2001 29 e93... 

Zhang, S., Van Pelt, C. K., Huang, X., and Schultz, G. A. (2002) Detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry validation of a one-well assay and quantitative pooling studies. J. Mass. Spectrom. 37, 1039-1050. 

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