Simple margin example

We cite isomerization of Cs-Ce paraffinic cuts, aliphatic alkylation making isoparaffinic gasoline from C3-C5 olefins and isobutane, and etherification of C4-C5 olefins with the C1-C2 alcohols. This type of refinery can need more hydrogen than is available from naphtha reforming. Flexibility is greatly improved over the simple conventional refinery. Nonetheless some products are not eliminated, for example, the heavy fuel of marginal quality, and the conversion product qualities may not be adequate, even after severe treatment, to meet certain specifications such as the gasoline octane number, diesel cetane number, and allowable levels of certain components. 

Fig. 3. Profitabihty diagram for Venture A. (a) Simple diagram. NRR is net return rate IRR, the internal rate of return, is a given fixed point, (b) Three NRR cutoff lines for Venture A where B, C, and D represent NRR values of 15, 10, and 5%/yr, respectively. For example, at a discount rate of 10% per year, the NRR cutoff for Venture A could be as high as 10.74% per year for marginal acceptance (point X). Acceptable levels are to the left of NRR cutoff...

Mathematical models require computation to secure concrete predictions. Successes in relatively simple cases spurs interest in more complex situations. Somewhat specialized computer hardware and software have emerged in response to these demands. Examples are the high-end processors with vector architecture, such as the Cray series, the CDC Cyber 205, and the recently announced IBM 3090 with vector attachment. When a computation can effectively utilize vector architecture, such machines will out-perform even the most powerful conventional scalar machine by a substantial margin. Such performance has given rise to the term supercomputer. ... 

For a more complex problem, the characteristic polynomial will not be as simple, and we need tools to help us. The two techniques that we will learn are the Routh-Hurwitz criterion and root locus. Root locus is, by far, the more important and useful method, especially when we can use a computer. Where circumstances allow (/.< ., the algebra is not too ferocious), we can also find the roots on the imaginary axis—the case of marginal stability. In the simple example above, this is where Kc = a/K. Of course, we have to be smart enough to pick Kc > a/K, and not Kc < a/K. 

On a scale of 1-5, this essay received a 2. It shows a basic understanding of the assignment, but little development. The writer lays out three ways her mother has been influential in her life, but then fails to adequately develop them with examples. In the second body paragraph, the writer never makes a connection between her mother s strictness and being a devoted mother. In addition, she doesn t really discuss how this has affected her. There is a weak introduction with no real hook, and a short conclusion that weakens the organization of the essay. The sentences are simple and contain noticeable errors, particularly mn-on sentences. Overall, this response shows marginal competence in writing. 

Surgical management of gallbladder carcinoma is based on local extension of the cancer. For example, T1 lesions require cholecystectomy alone, while many experts have advocated radical cholecystectomy for T2 lesions. There are several reasons for this recommendation. Specifically, Yamaguchi andTsuneyoshi (61) reported 44% positive microscopic margins in patients having T2 lesions who underwent only simple cholecystectomy. Additionally, T2 lesions are associated with an increased incidence of nodal... 

Tris[(2-perfluorohexyl)ethyl]tin hydride has three perfluorinated segments with ethylene spacers and it partitions primarily (> 98%) into the fluorous phase in a liquid-liquid extraction. This feature not only facilitates the purification of the product from the tin residue but also recovers toxic tin residue for further reuse. Stoichiometric reductive radical reactions with the fluorous tin hydride 3 have been previously reported and a catalytic procedure is also well established. The reduction of adamantyl bromide in BTF (benzotrifluoride) " using 1.2 equiv of the fluorous tin hydride and a catalytic amount of azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) was complete in 3 hr (Scheme 1). After the simple liquid-liquid extraction, adamantane was obtained in 90% yield in the organic layer and the fluorous tin bromide was separated from the fluorous phase. The recovered fluorous tin bromide was reduced and reused to give the same results. Phenylselenides, tertiary nitro compounds, and xanthates were also successfully reduced by the fluorous fin hydride. Standard radical additions and cyclizations can also be conducted as shown by the examples in Scheme 1. Hydrostannation reactions are also possible, and these are useful in the techniques of fluorous phase switching. Carbonylations are also possible. Rate constants for the reaction of the fluorous tin hydride with primary radicals and acyl radicals have been measured it is marginally more reactive than tributlytin hydrides. ... 

In the following example the effect of the various fixed parameter control modes on the stability of a simple feedback control loop are examined using the Bode stability criterion and the concept of gain and phase margins. 

In spite of their bulky substituents, the presence of which is necessary to prevent oligomerization reactions, disilenes undergo numerous addition and cycloaddition reactions these have been summarized in several review articles [1]. For example, stable or marginally stable disilenes react with the C=0 and C=S groups of ketones [2-4] and thioketones [5] as well as with the triple bonds of acetylenes [2, 3] and nitriles [6]. Surprisingly, however, no cycloaddition reactions of disilenes with simple alkenes have yet been reported [1]. 

The agro-eeosystem is vulnerable to attaeks by terrorists which can narrow the margins between safe and unsafe practices. For example, the tacties used by terrorists ean have huge impacts on foodstuffs and feedstuffs and ean be as simple as, for example, disrupting the distribution of electrieal and fossil fuel energy. For example. 

Margin of exposure is an intuitively simple concept, founded in the premise that any chemical, at some level of exposure, can cause harm. Where that level of exposure, or dose is established, the level of exposure where no harm is present (the no-observed-adverse-effect level or NOAEL) may then be determined. This NOAEL, divided by the dose presented by that chemical due to environmental exposure, represents the margin of exposure. As an example, if chemical X causes mild liver swelling at an oral dose of 10 milligrams (mg) per kilogram (kg) of body weight per... 

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