Silver spatial separation

Donors and acceptors exist in silver halides both as intrinsic and extrinsic centers. Ionized donors have been identified as interstitial silver ions and substitutional uncompensated divalent cation impurities from their IR spectra [77-79]. Ionized acceptors are probably halide ions surrounding silver ion vacancies [74,80,81] and possibly some incompletely compensated substitutional divalent anion impurities such as sulfide or selenide. Carriers trapped at donors and acceptors can undergo radiative recombination by tunneling if the spatial separation of the donor-acceptor pair is not too large [6,82], The emission energy of a donor-acceptor (D-A) pair separated by a distance r in an isotropic medium is given by... 

The single molecule detection capacity of SERRS has been used to develop analytical techniques for DNA. These can use either a substrate or a colloid. In either case, this is most effective when the label is within the monolayer of the surface and hence the largest SERRS enhancement can be obtained. Methods have been developed that enable spatial separation of different events and their detection on a substrate. The use of SERS to monitor DNA hybridization of a fragment of the breast cancer susceptibility gene, BRCAl, on modified silver surfaces has been shown to be effective. 

In situ electrodeposited AuNPs Silver-enhancement Multiplexed (spatial separation)... 

Metal deposition has been investigated by employing noise analysis for both two dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) electrocrystallizations [27]. For example, Budevski et al. studied 2D nucleation, namely the growth of silver on a perfect, single-crystal substrate, where the spatial and time statistics were distinguished under conditions in which elementary events could be separately observed (see Figure 11.4) [28],... 

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