SHAPES strategy technique

Operant strategies. Techniques that use reinforcement or punishment to shape behavior. 

There are many ingenious and successful routes now developed for nanocry stalline syntliesis some rely on gas phase reactions followed by product dispersal into solvents [7, 9,13,14 and 15]. Otliers are adaptations of classic colloidal syntlieses [16,17,18 and 19]. Electrochemical and related template metliods can also be used to fomi nanostmctures, especially tliose witli anisotropic shapes [20, 21, 22 and 23]. Ratlier tlian outline all of tlie available metliods, this section will focus on two different techniques of nanocrystal syntliesis which together demonstrate tlie general strategies. 

Several strategies have been employed in supporting metal complexes on oxide surfaces. For example, surface 0x0 and hydroxyl groups may be used as ligands the surface may be modified by reaction of the hydroxyl groups to introduce ligands to the surface, and more recently amorphous metal oxides, such as silica, have been imprinted via sol-gel techniques to generate shape selective cavities. ... 

Finally, the use of computer modeling is seen to rapidly increase. This growth is likely to continue or accelerate and chemical synthesis strategies should benefit markedly from it. It can be expected that at first especially shape selective application will profit and it will still be largely a visualization technique to understand how a reactant /product molecule adapts and fits into the microporous environment. The challenge on theoretical chemistry will be how to predict reactivity patterns and molecule transformation inside these pores in order to be able to model the chemical behavior. 

To determine the age of these objects, archaeologists had to develop new strategies. Although pottery phases and stratigraphy (the analysis of the origin, distribution, and succession of layers or strata of earth) can be used to date objects found on land, neither technique works reliably for objects found in the sea, where water may distort the shape of a jar or may carry away rocks and silt from the scene of the wreck. Instead, archaeologists use anchors (and sometimes ship nails) to determine the age of a shipwreck. Like pottery, anchors were produced in different sizes and shapes and made of different kinds of materials (such as stone or iron) that conform to histori-... 

Learning to recognize and evaluate the strategies and stylistic techniques of other writers may help you plan and shape your own essays. 

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