Sham meals

The motor response of the human colon depends on the caloric density of the ingested meal [15]. A 1000-kcal meal stimulates colonic motor activity but a 350-kcal meal does not. Fat stimulates human colonic motor activity when administered orally, but proteins and amino acids do not [71,72], Gastric or duodenal mucosal contact with the meal is necessary for colonic motor response because the intravenous administration of lipids, like sham feeding,... 

Figure 4-8. Rate of gastric secretion by a sham-fed subject with an occluded esophagus and a gastric fistula. Meal I was the gruel used in the hospital as a test meal. Meal II was the subject s choice, fried chicken or broiled lamb chop. (Adapted from Janowitz HD, Hollander F, Orringer D, et al. A quantitative study of the gastric secretory response to sham feeding in a human subject. Gastroenterology 16 104-116, 1950.)...

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