Seveso accidental release

Most, if not all, occupational illnesses associated with 2,4,5-T (such as chloracne) have been found to be the result of product contamination with TCDD. TCDD is extremely toxic to animals, and exposure has also been associated with liver function impairment, peripheral neuropathy, personality changes, porphyria cutanea, hypertrichosis, and hyperpigmentation in humans. TCDD is a chlorinated dioxin, one of a large number of related compounds referred to as dioxins it has no functional use and is not intentionally produced. It has been identified as the responsible toxic agent in several industrial disasters, such as accidental releases at Nitro, WV in 1949, and at Seveso, Italy in 1976. " The role of dioxin contaminants must also be considered in the discussion of 2,4,5-T toxicology. 

There have been accidental releases of pollutants that have cause effects on humans and wildlife, such as Yucheng in Taiwan, Yusho in Japan (Ikeda, 1996), PCB contamination of poultry in Belgium (Bernard et al., 1999), Seveso in Italy (Mocarelli, 2001), and dioxin contamination by redistribution and burial of contaminated soils at Love Canal in the USA (Vianna, 1983). However, despite intensive and rapid industrialization and urbanization, such massive POPs related cases have not occurred in South Korea. Since the 1990s, monitoring South Korea has rarely found POP concentrations as great as parts per million (ppm). 

Di Domenico, A., Silano, V., Viviano, G., Zapponi, G. (1980) Accidental release of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) at Seveso, Italy. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 4, 339. 

Skin lesions from environmental exposures to 2,3,7,8-TCDD have been most thoroughly studied in the population exposed in Seveso, Italy. Reggiani (1980) described dermal lesions for 17 persons (primarily children) hospitalized shortly after the accidental release in Seveso. Acute lesions probably due to alkali and bums were observed immediately and had a duration of up to 2 months chloracne in children occurred within 2 weeks (earliest occurrence was 3 days) and usually persisted for 8-26 months. Irritative lesions (characterized by erythema and edema of exposed areas, vesiculobollus and necrotic lesions, and... 

There is a limited amount of information available on the toxicity of CDDs in children. Most of the available data come from a series of studies on children living in Seveso during the accidental release of... 

Pocchiari F, Silano V, Zampieri A. Human health effects from accidental release of tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD at Seveso, Italy. Ann NY Acad Sci 1979 320 311-20. 

F. Pocchiari et al., "Human health effects from accidental release of TCDD at Seveso, Italy," Annals N.Y. Academy of Science, vol. 320, pp. 311-321, 1979. 

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