Sensors reproducibility

Figure 3.23 — Schematic diagram of a four-channel enzyme thermistor sensor. (Reproduced from [164] with permission of Elsevier Science Publishers).

Figure 4.4 — (A) Flow-through cells for spectrofluorimetric sensors (a) fused silica tube (1.5 mm ID) packed with 1 mg of CM-Sephadex C-25 (b) micro-cell holder (c) side and (d) front view of a commercially available sensor. (Reproduced from [62] and [64] with permission of the Royal Society of Chemistry and Elsevier Science Publishers, respectively). (B) Flow-through cells for photometric sensors. Side and front views of two commercially available designs. For details, see text. (Reproduced from [80] and [83] with permission of Elsevier Science Publishers and the Royal Society of Chemistry, respectively).

FIGURE 2.11 Example of biplot. The scores (filled symbols) are replicates of analyses of wine samples of three vintages (2004, 2005, and 2006, respectively), while the loadings (stars) represent the potentiometric sensors used for the measurements (A = anion-sensitive sensors, C = cation-sensitive sensors, G = redox-sensitive sensors, pH = pH sensor) (reproduced from Rudnitskaya etal. 2009b, with permission). 

Figure 14. Structure of FET humidity sensor. Reproduced with permission from Ref. 9. Copyright 1985 Institute of Electrical Engineering of Japan.

Figure 20. Long-term stability of the modified sensors. Reproduced with permission from Ref. 10. Copyright 1983 Kodansha Ltd. (Tokyo).

Figure 9. Sheet resistance data illustrating the effect of aging on aluminum oxide moisture sensor. Reproduced with permission from reference 18. Copyright 1982 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.

Figure 8. Sensing mechanism of the amperometric sensor. "Reproduced with permission from Ref. 13. Copyright 1984, The Chemical Society of Japan. "...

Fig. 19. Calibration plot of triolein concentration against the response amplitude of a triglyceride-sensitive FET sensor. (Reproduced from Hanazato et al. (13), with permission.)...

Figure 9.16. (A) The Dispersion Technology DT100 acoustic spectrometer. (B) Perspective and top views of the acoustic sensor. (Reproduced with permission of Elsevier, Ref [100].)...

FI9. 15.18 Scheme of experimental instrument for on-line measurement of SO2 with detection by a piezoelectric crystal sensor. (Reproduced from [72] with permission of the Royal Society of Chemistry). 

Fig. 3.4. Schematic illustration of a refractive index detector (LKB 2142-010). The LED light source (950 nm emission) is directed through the flow cell and reflected back by a concave mirror. The Ught is split into two beams at the edge of a prism and directed towards two photodiode sensors. Reproduced from LKB technical brochure with...

Resistive response ofWOj sensors to 400 ppb NO2 in dry air at an operating temperature of 350 C. Inset shows magnified data of sensor response excluding the WO3 + H-ZSM-5 sensor. Reproduced with permission (Varsani et al, 2011). 

Fig. 36 Visible extinction spectra showing how dif actirai depends rai glucose concentratirai for a 125-mm-thick CCA glucose sensor. Reproduced with permission from [114]...

Fig. 37 Experimental procedures for the reflectometric detection of BPA using an imprinted nanocavity opal photonic crystal sensor. Reproduced with permission from [117]...

FIGURE 2.5 Structure of an unbonded strain gauge pressure sensor. (Reproduced from Neuman M.R. 1993. In R.C. Dorf (Ed.), The Electrical Engineering Handbook, Boca Raton, FL, CRC Press. With permission.)... 

Figure 2 Scheme of a fractional distillalion system for organic solvent recovery 1, cooler 2, distillation column 3, fraction flasks 4, reboiler 5, fraction split valve 6, reflux valve TIS, TIC, TIA - temperature sensors FA - cooler sensor LA - solvent level sensor. (Reproduced with permission from Stepnowski P (2003) Recovery of organic solvents after chromatographic analysis. Analitique 4 39-41.)... 

Figure 6.4 Optical windows in biological tissues. Top effective attenuation coefficient versus wavelength bottom sensitivity curves for typical cameras based on Si, InGaAs, or HgCdTe sensors. Reproduced by permission from Macmillan Publishers Ltd. Nat. Nanotechnol Copyright 2009.

Step 01/02 Depending on the accuracy of calibration and sensor reproducibility one may request dT< 1°C 0.2°C. This would ease operation (less nodes of failure), but it limits information on the end... 

Fig. 20. Experimental setup for simultaneous in situ EPR/UV-Vis/online GC measurements consisting of a fixed-bed fiow reactor heated with a bifilar winding of Pt wire and an implemented UV-Vis fiber optic sensor. Reproduced from 139, copyright 2003, with kind permission from PCCP Owner Societies.

Figure 23. Effect of water vapor in air at 25°C (23.7 torr 31,300ppm) on an octaaniline sensor. Reproduce with permission from Synthetic Metals (in press). Copyright 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd.

Fig. 9.6 Schematic outline of the Clark po sensor. Reproduced from C.E.W. Hahn, Analyst 123 (1998) 57R, with permission from the Royal Society of Chemistry.

Figure 22.11 FIS Sensors the sensing mechanism of the thick film Sn02 gas sensors, reproduced from [45] by permissions of FIS INC.

Figure 1. Schematic representation of the metabolemeter (initial design). The following parts are indicated by numbers (1) pressure transducer (Kulite International, HEM 375 20000), (2) flushing sensible membrane, (3) crucible (17-4-PH stainless steel), (4) chamber (6 mm ), (5) tin joint, (6) crowned insensible surface of the head transducer, (7) plane surface of the crucible, (8) pressure sensor support, (9, 10) horizontal translation movements, (11) steel balls, (12, 13) aluminium plates. (14) vertical translation movement, (15) centring cone, (16) screw, (17) temperature sensor. (Reproduced from [1] by permission of Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, Inc),...

Figure 18.15 Photograph of an integrated large-area elastomeric RF radiation sensor. Reproduced from Ref [30] with permission from The Royal Society of Chemistry.

Figure 6 Schematic of a QCM sensor. Reproduced with permission from Bai, H. Shi, G. Q. Sensors 2007, 7(3), 267-307.

Figire 27 Calibration curves showing the impedance change for increasing InlB antigen concentrations for both sample and control sensors. Reproduced with permission from Tully, E. Higson, S. P. etal. Biosens. Bioelectron. 2068,23 B), 906-912." ... 

Figure 20 Isothermal crystallization of about 40 ng iPP at 80 °C after quenching from the melt at lOOOKs". The inset shows the temperature profile, and the right photograph in the inset is the sample on the sensor. Reproduced with permission from Schick, C. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 2009, 395,1589-1611. ...

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