Self ceramic powder

Besides the sol-gel processing, there are many aqueous routes to synthesize ceramic powders, fibers, films and bulks. Niesen and DeGuire reviewed these low temperature and non-electrochemical processes (Niesen and DeGuire, 2001). According to them, the processes include a chemical-bath deposition (CBD), successive ionic-layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR), liquid-phase deposition (LPD), electroless deposition (ED), and film deposition on organic self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). Of course, an electrochemical route is an important process. Another non-sol-gel route is a spray pyrolysis of solution or sol, and is applied to the direct preparation of oxide powders and films. Since these processes do not form the gel phase, they are not described here. 

Uses. Commercial monocalcium phosphate is available as both the anhydrous and the monohydrate salts. Most uses are based on acidic properties. Monocalcium phosphate is used to control acidity in powdered drink mixes, as an ingredient in effervescent tablets, as a plastics stabilizer, and in ceramics. Its single largest appHcation is as a leavening agent in bread, cake mixes, and self-rising flour. 

Kiparisov, S.S., Shvetsova, G.A., Lobova, T.A., Sergeeva, L.M., Pimenova, A.Z. and Volodina, G.A., Structure and Properties of a Self-Lubricating Material Based on Tungsten Diselenide, Soviet Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics, 17, 399, (1978). 

Adachi, S., Wada, T., Mihara, T., Miyamoto, Y., Koizumi, M., and O. Yamada, Fabrication of titanium carbide ceramics by high-pressure self-combustion sintering of titanium powder and carbon fiber. J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 72, 805 (1989). 

Another vapor phase method involves reacting a solid particulate phase with a gas to form particles. One method is the self-propogating high temperature synthesis (SHS) method. Also used for making sintered bodies, SHS can be used in reacting particles with the gas phase. An example of combustion synthesis involves forming ceramic carbide powders. ... 

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