Selenium toners formulas

Those that convert the silver image into silver selenide (Formulas Toners Dassonville T-55 Direct Selenium Toner). 

Purplish to reddish-browns are usually the result of using some form of selenium or copper. Several formulas are commercially available. Among them are Berg Selenium Toner and Brown CopperToner , Ilford Selenium Toner , and Kodak Rapid Selenium Toner . 

For those who wish to mix their own selenium toner, I have included Dassonville T-55 Direct Selenium Toner, Dassonville T-56 Bleach and Redevelop Selenium Toner, and Flemish Toner (Formulas Toners Selenium Toners). The latter two are both bleach-and-redevelop selenium toners. The advantage to mixing your own is that it is possible to obtain colors not possible with the commercial products. The disadvantage is that selenium in powder form is highly toxic and all three formulas require heating to dissolve the selenium powder which poses the further risk of inhaling fumes. Only mix selenium toner in a well-ventilated area or outdoors and wear a face mask rated for hazardous chemicals. 

The classic formula for gold protective toning is Kodak GP-1 Gold Protective Solution. Like selenium toner, GP-1 not only protects the print but causes a minimum color shift. What shift there may be is toward a slight blue-black that some photographers find pleasing. With some papers, GP-1 will also improve separation in the highlights. 

This toning formula works similarly to Kodak Rapid Selenium Toner. 

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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ , , ]

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