Selectivity tests, sandwich-type

Selectivity Tests. In these tests, a Rank electrode was used with a single membrane layer, instead of the sandwich type of laminate. The PES, PC and its modified forms, and CA membranes were used in these tests. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), catechol, uric acid, paracetamol and ascorbate were used as the analytes. Each analyte was used separately. The initial concentration of the analyte was 0.2 mM. 

The limitations of ELISA methods include the specificity of antibodies, the concentrations of primary antibody and antigen, and the type of reaction solution. Nonspecific binding of either of the antibodies to related antigens, unrelated proteins of other bacteria, or even the microtiter plate may lead to false positive reactions.49,52 57 Use of a monoclonal antibody may decrease crossreactivity with other antigens. For detection of low numbers of bacteria, as in drinking water, the sample may be filtered to concentrate the cells or cultured in a selective broth until it reaches the minimum detection limit for ELISA.49,58 Commercial test kits using dipsticks, immunoblots, and sandwich ELISA methods have been developed for the identification of pathogenic bacteria.58,59... 

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